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Concept
Decommunization
Summary
Decommunization in former communist states is the process of purging former communist high officials and eliminating communist symbols.
It is sometimes referred to as political cleansing. Although the term has been occasionally used during the Cold War, it is most commonly applied to the former countries of the Eastern Bloc, those countries that were considered being close to the Eastern Bloc and the Soviet Union to describe a number of legal and social changes during their periods of postcommunism during the post–Cold War era.
In some states, decommunization includes bans on communist symbols. While sharing common traits, the processes of decommunization have run differently in different states.
Czechia – The Office of the Documentation and the Investigation of the Crimes of Communism
Slovakia – The Institute of National Memory – Ústav pamäti národa (Sk)
Estonia – The Estonian International Commission for Investigation of Crimes Against Humanity
Germany – The Federal Commissioner for the Stasi Records (BStU)
Hungary – The Committee of National Remembrance
Lithuania – The Lithuanian Center for the Research of Genocide and Resistance
Poland – The Institute of National Remembrance — Commission for the Prosecution of Crimes against the Polish Nation
Romania – The Institute for the Investigation of Communist Crimes in Romania
Moldova – The Commission for the Study of the Communist Dictatorship in Moldova
Ukraine – The Ukrainian Institute of National Remembrance
Decommunization came to refer to government policies of limiting the participation of former communist officials in politics. This should not be confused with lustration which is the procedure of scrutinizing holders or candidates for public offices in terms being former informants of the communist secret police.
According to a 1992 constitutional amendment in the Czech Republic, a person who publicly denies, puts in doubt, approves, or tries to justify Nazi or Communist genocide or other crimes of Nazis or Communists will be punished with a prison term of six months to three years.
Official source
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