Infobox drug | Watchedfields = changed | verifiedrevid = 459442331 | drug_name = | INN = | type = | image = Chloroquine.svg | width = 200 | alt = | image2 = Chloroquine-ligand-CLQ-A-from-PDB-xtal-4FGL-Mercury-3D-balls.png | width2 = 180 | alt2 = | caption = | pronounce = ˈklɔːrəkwiːn | tradename = Aralen, other | Drugs.com = | MedlinePlus = | licence_CA = | licence_EU = | DailyMedID = Chloroquine | licence_US = Chloroquine | pregnancy_AU = | pregnancy_AU_comment = | pregnancy_US = | pregnancy_US_comment = | pregnancy_category= | dependency_liability = | addiction_liability = | routes_of_administration = by mouth | class = | ATCvet = | ATC_prefix = P01 | ATC_suffix = BA01 | ATC_supplemental = | legal_AU = | legal_AU_comment = | legal_BR = | legal_BR_comment = | legal_CA = | legal_CA_comment = | legal_DE = | legal_DE_comment = | legal_NZ = | legal_NZ_comment = | legal_UK = P | legal_UK_comment = | legal_US = Rx-only | legal_US_comment = | legal_UN = | legal_UN_comment = | legal_status = Rx only | bioavailability = | protein_bound = | metabolism = Liver | metabolites = | onset = | elimination_half-life = 1-2 months | duration_of_action = | excretion = | CAS_number_Ref = | CAS_number = 54-05-7 | CAS_supplemental = | PubChem = 2719 | IUPHAR_ligand = 5535 | DrugBank_Ref = | DrugBank = DB00608 | ChemSpiderID_Ref = | ChemSpiderID = 2618 | UNII_Ref = | UNII = 886U3H6UFF | KEGG_Ref = | KEGG = D02366 | ChEBI_Ref = | ChEBI = 3638 | ChEMBL_Ref = | ChEMBL = 76 | NIAID_ChemDB = 000733 | PDB_ligand = | synonyms = Chloroquine phosphate | IUPAC_name = (RS)-N-(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)-N,N-diethyl-pentane-1,4-diamine | C=18 | H=26 | Cl=1 | N=3 | SMILES = Clc1cc2nccc(c2cc1)NC(C)CCCN(CC)CC | Jmol = | StdInChI_Ref = | StdInChI = 1S/C18H26ClN3/c1-4-22(5-2)12-6-7-14(3)21-17-10-11-20-18-13-15(19)8-9-16(17)18/h8-11,13-14H,4-7,12H2,1-3H3,(H,20,21) | StdInChI_comment = | StdInChIKey_Ref = | StdInChIKey = WHTVZRBIWZFKQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N | density = | density_notes = | melting_point = | melting_high = | melting_notes = | boiling_point = | boiling_notes = | solubility = | sol_units = | specific_rotation = Chloroquine''' is a medication primarily used to prevent and treat malaria in areas where malaria remains sensitive to its effects.

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Ontological neighbourhood
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Related concepts (17)
Hemozoin
Haemozoin is a disposal product formed from the digestion of blood by some blood-feeding parasites. These hematophagous organisms such as malaria parasites (Plasmodium spp.), Rhodnius and Schistosoma digest haemoglobin and release high quantities of free heme, which is the non-protein component of haemoglobin. Heme is a prosthetic group consisting of an iron atom contained in the center of a heterocyclic porphyrin ring. Free heme is toxic to cells, so the parasites convert it into an insoluble crystalline form called hemozoin.
Artemisinin
Artemisinin (ˌɑːtɪˈmiːsɪnɪn) and its semisynthetic derivatives are a group of drugs used in the treatment of malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum. It was discovered in 1972 by Tu Youyou, who shared the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her discovery. Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) are now standard treatment worldwide for P. falciparum malaria as well as malaria due to other species of Plasmodium. Artemisinin is extracted from the plant Artemisia annua, sweet wormwood, a herb employed in Chinese traditional medicine.
Plasmodium vivax
Plasmodium vivax is a protozoal parasite and a human pathogen. This parasite is the most frequent and widely distributed cause of recurring malaria. Although it is less virulent than Plasmodium falciparum, the deadliest of the five human malaria parasites, P. vivax malaria infections can lead to severe disease and death, often due to splenomegaly (a pathologically enlarged spleen). P. vivax is carried by the female Anopheles mosquito; the males do not bite. Plasmodium vivax is found mainly in Asia, Latin America, and in some parts of Africa.
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