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Concept
Azcapotzalco (altepetl)
Summary
Azcapotzalco was a pre-Columbian Nahua altepetl (state), capital of the Tepanec empire, in the Valley of Mexico, on the western shore of Lake Texcoco.
The name Azcapotzalco means "at the anthill" in Nahuatl. Its inhabitants were called Azcapotzalca.
According to the 17th century annalist Chimalpahin, Azcapotzalco was founded by Chichimecs in the year 995 AD.
The most famous ruler (tlatoani) of Azcapotzalco was Tezozomoctli.
According to chronicler Fernando Alva Ixtlilxóchitl, the Tepanecs were a Chichimec group that settled in 1012 in the region west of Lake Texcoco. Their lineage began when their Acolhua leader (or Acolnahuacatl) married Xolotl's daughter Cuetlaxochitzin. But this information is apocryphal, since Acolnahuacatl's life is considered to have occurred much later.
Chimalpahin places their settlement before, in 995. In fact, archaeological investigations have revealed that Azcapotzalco was inhabited since the Classical period — around year 600 — and were related to the Teotihuacan’s culture and language, as it is known that they still spoke the Otomi language in the 14th century while the Nahuatl was lingua franca from 1272 on. Continuing with data provided by Chimalpahin, he mentions that Tepanec entered the Triple Alliance from 1047 (this Alliance is different from a much later alliance involving the Aztecs).
The documents indicate that last line starts with Matlacohuatl. The second tlatoani was Chiconquiauhtzin.
Azcapotzalco was founded in the 13th century in the west of Lake Texcoco. Azcapotzalco maintained a dominant hegemony with the Aztecs, who arrived in 1299, settling on the Chapultepec Hill, and were dominated.
Allowed the Mexitin establishment in Chapultepec in 1281-1286 so they expelled the Matlatzincas-Texcaltepecas (Texcaltepec; former name of the village of Malinalco), also remained neutral when a four Nation coalition razed the Chapoltepec Mexitin and Santa Catarina Sierra in 1299, when they are subjected to the Colhuacan yoke.
Official source
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