Prehistoric fiction is a literary genre in which the story is set in the period of time prior to the existence of written record, known as prehistory. As a fictional genre, the realistic description of the subject varies, without necessarily a commitment to develop an objective anthropological account. Because of this, it is possible that the author of prehistoric fiction deals with his subject with much more freedom than the author of a historical fiction, and the genre also has connections with speculative fiction. In many narratives, humans and dinosaurs live together, despite the extinction of the dinosaurs and the evolution of humans being separated by millions of years. The paleontologist Björn Kurtén coined the term "paleofiction" to define his works.
One of the derivatives of cyberpunk is stonepunk, a subgenre of science fiction. Stonepunk is a neologism born from the contraction between a stone and cyberpunk. This is an uchronia that refers to the massive use of technology in prehistoric times.
Shaman (2013) by Kim Stanley Robinson
Evolution (2003) by Stephen Baxter
The Books of the Named (1983–2008) by Clare Bell
Chronicles of Ancient Darkness (2004–2009) by Michelle Paver
The Clan of the Cave Bear (1980) by Jean M. Auel
The Cave Boy of the Age of Stone (1907) by Margaret A. McIntyre
Dance of the Tiger (1978) by Björn Kurtén
Darkwing (2007) by Kenneth Oppel
The Eternal Lover (1913) by Edgar Rice Burroughs
The Inheritors (1955) by William Golding
The Mammoth Trilogy (1999–2001) by Stephen Baxter
Mists of Dawn (1952) by Chad Oliver
The Land That Time Forgot (1918) by Edgar Rice Burroughs
The People That Time Forgot (1918) by Edgar Rice Burroughs
Out of Time's Abyss (1918) by Edgar Rice Burroughs
The Quest for Fire (1911) by J.-H. Rosny aîné
Raptor Red (1995) by Robert T. Bakker
Sambaqui: A Novel of Pre-History (1975) by Stella Carr Ribeiro
Saga of Pliocene Exile (1981–1984) by Julian May
The Story of Ab (1897) by Stanley Waterloo
Paris Before Man (1861) by Pierre Boitard
The Scorpion God (1971) (two of its three short stories are set in prehistory) by William Golding
"A Story of the Stone Age" (1897) by H.
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The caveman is a stock character representative of primitive humans in the Paleolithic. The popularization of the type dates to the early 20th century, when Neanderthals were influentially described as "simian" or "ape-like" by Marcellin Boule and Arthur Keith. The term "caveman" has its taxonomic equivalent in the now-obsolete binomial classification of Homo troglodytes (Linnaeus, 1758). Cavemen are typically portrayed as wearing shaggy animal hides, and capable of cave painting like behaviorally modern humans of the last glacial period.