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Concept
Matthew 5
Summary
Matthew 5 is the fifth chapter of the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament. It contains the first portion of the Sermon on the Mount, the other portions of which are contained in chapters 6 and 7. Portions are similar to the Sermon on the Plain in Luke 6, but much of the material is found only in Matthew. It is one of the most discussed and analyzed chapters of the New Testament. Warren Kissinger reports that among early Christians, no chapter was more often cited by early scholars. The same is true in modern scholarship.
The original text was written in Koine Greek. This chapter is divided into 48 verses.
Some early manuscripts containing text from this chapter are:
Papyrus 64 (Magdalen papyrus) (AD 200; extant verses 20-22, 25-28)
Papyrus 86 (4th century; extant verses 13–16, 22–25)
Codex Vaticanus (4th century)
Codex Sinaiticus (4th century)
Codex Washingtonianus (4-5th century)
Codex Bezae (5th century)
Codex Alexandrinus (5th century)
Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus (5th century; extant verses 1–14)
The structure of Matthew 5 can be broken down as follows:
– Setting and Beatitudes
– Salt of the earth and light of the world
– Law and the Prophets
– Do not hate
– Do not lust
– Do not divorce except for sexual misconduct
– Do not swear oaths
– Do not retaliate
– Love your enemies
Psalm
In the Middle Ages an interpretation was developed that the chapter only applied to a select group, and not to the general populace. Reformer Martin Luther, in a discussion of this chapter, was highly critical of the Catholic view. He wrote that "there have fallen upon this [fifth] chapter the vulgar hogs and asses, jurists and sophists, the right hand of the pope and his Mamelukes."
In John Wesley's analysis of the Sermon on the Mount, chapter five outlines "the sum of all true religion", allowing chapter 6 to detail "rules for that right intention which we are to preserve in all our outward actions, unmixed with worldly desires or anxious cares for even the necessaries of life" and chapter 7 to provide "cautions against the main hinderances of religion".
Official source
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