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Marianne (maʁjan) has been the national personification of the French Republic since the French Revolution, as a personification of liberty, equality, fraternity and reason, as well as a portrayal of the Goddess of Liberty. Marianne is displayed in many places in France and holds a place of honour in town halls and law courts. She is depicted in the Triumph of the Republic, a bronze sculpture overlooking the Place de la Nation in Paris, as well as represented with another Parisian statue on the Place de la République. Her profile stands out on the official government logo of the country, appears on French euro coins and on French postage stamps. She was also featured on the former franc currency and is officially used on most government documents. Marianne is a significant republican symbol; her French monarchist equivalent is often Joan of Arc. As a national icon Marianne represents opposition to monarchy and the championship of freedom and democracy against all forms of oppression. Other national symbols of Republican France include the tricolor flag, the national motto Liberté, Égalité, Fraternité, the national anthem "La Marseillaise", the coat of arms, and the official Great Seal of France. Marianne also wore a Cockade and a red Phrygian cap symbolising Liberty. Since classical times it was common to represent ideas and abstract entities by gods, goddesses, and allegorical personifications. During the French Revolution of 1789, many allegorical personifications of 'Liberty' and 'Reason' appeared. These two figures finally merged into one: a female figure, shown either sitting or standing and accompanied by various attributes, including the cockade of France and the Phrygian cap. This woman typically symbolised Liberty, Reason, the Nation, the Homeland and the civic virtues of the Republic. In September 1792, the National Convention decided by decree that the new seal of the state would represent a standing woman holding a spear with a Phrygian cap held aloft on top of it.

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Reconversion d'une friche industrielle. L'exemple des Bosquets à Vevey (VD)

Sébastien Sterchi, Carole Arlettaz

Le projet s'inscrit dans la problématique des friches industrielles urbaines dont les potentiels de développement stratégique sont encore, pour diverses raisons, trop rarement mis en valeur. Dans une optique de développement durable, la densification de ces quartiers sous-exploités concourt à limiter l'étalement urbain. Le trafic pendulaire en est alors réduit et le transfert modal de la route aux transports en commun encouragé. Du point de vue patrimonial, le quartier des Bosquets, situé au cœur du passé industriel veveysan, revêt une importance historique considérable. De plus, étant donné sa proximité avec la gare et les centres commerciaux, il jouit d'une situation idéale en vue d'un développement urbain et d'une densification intra-muros de la ville de Vevey. Partant de ces différentes constatations, nous avons pris le parti de reconvertir le site des Bosquets en un quartier d'habitations avec comme objectifs la mise en valeur du bâti existant, la création de nouveaux logements familiaux à faible empreinte écologique ainsi que l'aménagement d'espaces publics de qualité. Le site joue en outre le rôle d'interface de transports en offrant un P+R aux usagers du rail tout en limitant les nuisances dues aux véhicules à l'intérieur même du secteur des Bosquets.

2007

National personification

A national personification is an anthropomorphic personification of a state or the people(s) it inhabits. It may appear in political cartoons and propaganda. Some early personifications in the Western world tended to be national manifestations of the majestic wisdom and war goddess Minerva/Athena, and often took the Latin name of the ancient Roman province. Examples of this type include Britannia, Germania, Hibernia, Hispania, Helvetia and Polonia.

Columbia (personification)

Columbia (kəˈlʌmbiə; ), also known as Miss Columbia, is a female national personification of the United States. It was also a historical name applied to the Americas and to the New World. The association has given rise to the names of many American places, objects, institutions and companies, including the District of Columbia; Columbia, South Carolina; Columbia University; "Hail, Columbia"; Columbia Rediviva; and the Columbia River.

Personification

Personification is the representation of a thing or abstraction as a person. In the arts, many things are commonly personified. These include numerous types of places, especially cities, countries, and continents, elements of the natural world such as the months or four seasons, four elements, four cardinal winds, five senses, and abstractions such as virtues, especially the four cardinal virtues and seven deadly sins, the nine Muses, or death.