In theoretical physics, a mass generation mechanism is a theory that describes the origin of mass from the most fundamental laws of physics. Physicists have proposed a number of models that advocate different views of the origin of mass. The problem is complicated because the primary role of mass is to mediate gravitational interaction between bodies, and no theory of gravitational interaction reconciles with the currently popular Standard Model of particle physics.
There are two types of mass generation models: gravity-free models and models that involve gravity.
The Higgs mechanism is based on a symmetry-breaking scalar field potential, such as the quartic. The Standard Model uses this mechanism as part of the Glashow–Weinberg–Salam model to unify electromagnetic and weak interactions. This model was one of several that predicted the existence of the scalar Higgs boson.
In these theories, as in the Standard Model itself, the gravitational interaction either is not involved or does not play a crucial role.
Technicolor models break electroweak symmetry through gauge interactions, which were originally modeled on quantum chromodynamics.
Coleman–Weinberg mechanism generates mass through spontaneous symmetry breaking.
Unparticle physics and the unhiggs models posit that the Higgs sector and Higgs boson are scaling invariant, also known as unparticle physics.
UV-Completion by Classicalization, in which the unitarization of the WW scattering happens by creation of classical configurations.
Symmetry breaking driven by non-equilibrium dynamics of quantum fields above the electroweak scale.
Asymptotically safe weak interactions based on some nonlinear sigma models.
Models of composite W and Z vector bosons.
Top quark condensate.
Extra-dimensional Higgsless models use the fifth component of the gauge fields in place of the Higgs fields. It is possible to produce electroweak symmetry breaking by imposing certain boundary conditions on the extra dimensional fields, increasing the unitarity breakdown scale up to the energy scale of the extra dimension.
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The Higgs boson, sometimes called the Higgs particle, is an elementary particle in the Standard Model of particle physics produced by the quantum excitation of the Higgs field, one of the fields in particle physics theory. In the Standard Model, the Higgs particle is a massive scalar boson with zero spin, even (positive) parity, no electric charge, and no colour charge that couples to (interacts with) mass. It is also very unstable, decaying into other particles almost immediately upon generation.
This course presents the physical principles and the recent research developments on three topics of particle and nuclear physics: the physics of neutrinos, dark matter, and plasmas of quarks and gluo
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This course provides the fundamental knowledge and theoretical tools needed to treat nonlinear optical interactions, covering both classical and quantum theory of nonlinear optics. It presents applica
Provides an in-depth analysis of the Standard Model, covering topics such as the Higgs mechanism, gauge boson interactions, and the role of chirality in particle physics.
We study two-point functions of local operators and their spectral representation in UV complete quantum field theories in generic dimensions focusing on conserved currents and the stress-tensor. We establish the connection with the central charges of the ...
We propose a new non-perturbative method for studying UV complete unitary quantum field theories (QFTs) with a mass gap in general number of spacetime dimensions. The method relies on unitarity formulated as positive semi-definiteness of the matrix of inne ...
Effective Field Theories have changed our understanding of Quantum Field Theories. This thesis shows several applications of this powerful tool in the context of the Standard Model and for searches of New Physics.The thesis starts with a review of the Stan ...