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Concept
Bakhmut
Summary
Bakhmut (Бахмут, bɐxˈmut; Бахмут) is a city in eastern Ukraine. It serves as the administrative center of Bakhmut Raion in Donetsk Oblast. It is located on the Bakhmutka River, about north of Donetsk, the administrative center of the oblast. Bakhmut was designated a city of regional significance until 2020, when the designation was abolished. In January 2022, it had an estimated population of
Historically, Bakhmut was the capital of Slavo-Serbia (1753–1764), which was established by settlers of Serb and other ethnicities. In 1920–1924, the city was an administrative center of the newly created Donets Governorate of the Ukrainian SSR in the Soviet Union. The city was known as Artemivsk or Artemovsk between 1924 and 2016.
During the Russian invasion of Ukraine that commenced in February 2022, Bakhmut was claimed to be captured by Russian forces and largely destroyed, with most of its population having fled.
The origin of the name Bakhmut is uncertain. According to a theory by Kharkiv historian Igor Rassokhaa, the word may derive from a Turkic/Tatar word meaning 'salt water' or 'beach'. The name dates back to 1571.
The Soviet name Artemovsk (Artemivsk) was derived from the name of the Russian Bolshevik leader Fyodor Sergeyev, also known as Comrade Artem (Artyom).
The city returned to its original name in 2016 as a result of the decommunization process. The restoration of the historic name has been unrecognized by the Russian government (which claims the city as a part of the separatist Donetsk People's Republic), with Russian regime sources labeling the town as Artemovsk.
Although there is evidence of prior settlement in 1556, the first official mention of Bakhmut dates from 1571, when Ivan the Terrible, in order to protect the southern border of the Russian state from Crimean–Nogai slave raids, ordered the creation of border fortifications along the Aidar and Siverskyi Donets rivers. The settlement was described then as a guard-fort (storozha) named after the nearby Bakhmutka River, a tributary of the Siverskyi Donets, and located at the mouth of a stream called the Chornyi Zherebets.
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