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Concept
Chmod
Summary
In Unix and Unix-like operating systems, is the command and system call used to change the and the special mode flags (the setuid, setgid, and sticky flags) of objects ( and directories). Collectively these were originally called its modes, and the name was chosen as an abbreviation of change mode.
A command first appeared in AT&T UNIX version 1, along with the system call.
As systems grew in number and types of users, access-control lists were added to many file systems in addition to these most basic modes to increase flexibility.
The version of bundled in GNU coreutils was written by David MacKenzie and Jim Meyering. The command is available as a separate package for Microsoft Windows as part of the UnxUtils collection of native Win32 ports of common GNU Unix-like utilities. The command has also been ported to the IBM i operating system.
File-system permissions#Traditional Unix permissions and File-system permissions#Notation of traditional Unix permissions
Throughout this section, ser refers to the owner of the file, as a reminder that the symbolic form of the command uses "u".
chmod [options] mode[,mode] file1 [file2 ...]
Usually implemented options include:
Recursive, i.e. include objects in subdirectories.
verbose, show objects changed (unchanged objects are not shown).
If a symbolic link is specified, the target object is affected. File modes directly associated with symbolic links themselves are typically not used.
To view the file mode, the or commands may be used:
stat -c %a findPhoneNumbers.sh
754
The , , and specify the read, write, and execute access (the first character of the display denotes the object type; a hyphen represents a plain file). The script can be read, written to, and executed by the user ; read and executed by members of the group; and only read by any other users.
The main parts of the permissions:
For example:
Each group of three characters define permissions for each :
the three leftmost characters, , define permissions for the User class (i.
Official source
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