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Concept
Uniform 9-polytope
Summary
In nine-dimensional geometry, a nine-dimensional polytope or 9-polytope is a polytope contained by 8-polytope facets. Each 7-polytope ridge being shared by exactly two 8-polytope facets.
A uniform 9-polytope is one which is vertex-transitive, and constructed from uniform 8-polytope facets.
Regular 9-polytopes can be represented by the Schläfli symbol {p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w}, with w {p,q,r,s,t,u,v} 8-polytope facets around each peak.
There are exactly three such convex regular 9-polytopes:
{3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3} - 9-simplex
{4,3,3,3,3,3,3,3} - 9-cube
{3,3,3,3,3,3,3,4} - 9-orthoplex
There are no nonconvex regular 9-polytopes.
The topology of any given 9-polytope is defined by its Betti numbers and torsion coefficients.
The value of the Euler characteristic used to characterise polyhedra does not generalize usefully to higher dimensions, whatever their underlying topology. This inadequacy of the Euler characteristic to reliably distinguish between different topologies in higher dimensions led to the discovery of the more sophisticated Betti numbers.
Similarly, the notion of orientability of a polyhedron is insufficient to characterise the surface twistings of toroidal polytopes, and this led to the use of torsion coefficients.
Uniform 9-polytopes with reflective symmetry can be generated by these three Coxeter groups, represented by permutations of rings of the Coxeter-Dynkin diagrams:
Selected regular and uniform 9-polytopes from each family include:
Simplex family: A9 [38] -
271 uniform 9-polytopes as permutations of rings in the group diagram, including one regular:
{38} - 9-simplex or deca-9-tope or decayotton -
Hypercube/orthoplex family: B9 [4,38] -
511 uniform 9-polytopes as permutations of rings in the group diagram, including two regular ones:
{4,37} - 9-cube or enneract -
{37,4} - 9-orthoplex or enneacross -
Demihypercube D9 family: [36,1,1] -
383 uniform 9-polytope as permutations of rings in the group diagram, including:
{31,6,1} - 9-demicube or demienneract, 161 - ; also as h{4,38} .
Official source
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