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Concept
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
Summary
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) or oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (OGD), also called by various other names, is a diagnostic endoscopic procedure that visualizes the upper part of the gastrointestinal tract down to the duodenum. It is considered a minimally invasive procedure since it does not require an incision into one of the major body cavities and does not require any significant recovery after the procedure (unless sedation or anesthesia has been used). However, a sore throat is common.
The words esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD; American English) and oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (OGD; British English; see spelling differences) are both pronounced ᵻˌsɒfəɡoʊ-ˌɡæstroʊ-ˌduːoʊ-dᵻˈnɒskoʊ-pi. It is also called panendoscopy (PES) and upper GI endoscopy. It is also often called just upper endoscopy, upper GI, or even just endoscopy; because EGD is the most commonly performed type of endoscopy, the ambiguous term endoscopy is sometimes informally used to refer to EGD by default. The term gastroscopy literally focuses on the stomach alone, but in practice, the usage overlaps.
Unexplained anemia (usually along with a colonoscopy)
Upper gastrointestinal bleeding as evidenced by hematemesis or melena
Persistent dyspepsia in patients over the age of 45 years
Heartburn and chronic acid reflux – this can lead to a precancerous lesion called Barrett's esophagus
Persistent emesis
Dysphagia – difficulty in swallowing
Odynophagia – painful swallowing
Persistent nausea
IBD (inflammatory bowel diseases)
Surveillance of Barrett's esophagus
Surveillance of gastric ulcer or duodenal ulcer
Occasionally after gastric surgery
Abnormal barium swallow or barium meal
Confirmation of celiac disease (via biopsy)
Treatment (banding/sclerotherapy) of esophageal varices
Injection therapy (e.g., epinephrine in bleeding lesions)
Cutting off of larger pieces of tissue with a snare device (e.g., polyps, endoscopic mucosal resection)
Application of cautery to tissues
Removal of foreign bodies (e.g.
Official source
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