French submarine Achéron

Achéron was a French Navy of the M6 series commissioned in 1932. She participated in World War II, first on the side of the Allies from 1939 to June 1940, then in the navy of Vichy France. She was scuttled in November 1942. Achéron was part of a fairly homogeneous series of 31 deep-sea patrol submarines also called "1,500-tonners" because of their displacement. All entered service between 1931 and 1939. The Redoutable-class submarines were long and in beam and had a draft of . They could dive to a depth of . They displaced on the surface and underwater. Propelled on the surface by two diesel engines producing a combined , they had a maximum speed of . When submerged, their two electric motors produced a combined and allowed them to reach . Also called "deep-cruising submarines", their range on the surface was at . Underwater, they could travel at . Laid down at Ateliers et Chantiers de la Loire in Saint-Nazaire, France, on 4 or 24 September 1927 with the hull number Q150, Achéron was launched on 6 August 1929. She was commissioned on 22 February 1932. In 1937, Achéron received orders to make a cruise to Argentina in company with her sister ships , , and . At the start of World War II in September 1939, Achéron was assigned to the 3rd Submarine Division in the 2nd Squadron — a component of the 1st Flotilla — based at Toulon, France. Her sister ships , Fresnel, and made up the rest of the division. In December 1939, Achéron joined Fresnel and their sister ships and in searching the central Atlantic Ocean for the German supply ship . Agosta and Béveziers, which were returning to France from the French West Indies, also joined in the search. At the beginning of February 1940, the 3rd Submarine Division transferred briefly to Casablanca in French Morocco and on 6 February 1940 began patrols off the Canary Islands, where the Allies believed that German cargo ships had taken refuge at the beginning of the war and were serving as supply ships for German U-boats.

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