The Pennsylvania Turnpike (Penna Turnpike or PA Turnpike) is a toll highway that is operated by the Pennsylvania Turnpike Commission (PTC) in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in the United States. A controlled-access highway, it runs for across the state, connecting the Pittsburgh, Harrisburg and Philadelphia areas. It also passes through four tunnels as it crosses the Appalachian Mountains in central Pennsylvania.
Part of the Interstate Highway System, it is designated as part of Interstate 76 (I-76) between the Ohio state line and Valley Forge, I-70 (concurrent with I-76) between New Stanton and Breezewood, Interstate 276 (I-276) between Valley Forge and Bristol Township, and I-95 from Bristol Township to the New Jersey state line.
The turnpike's western terminus is located at the Ohio state line in Lawrence County, where the road continues west as the Ohio Turnpike. The eastern terminus is situated at the New Jersey state line at the Delaware River–Turnpike Toll Bridge, which crosses the Delaware River in Bucks County. The road then continues east as the Pearl Harbor Memorial Extension of the New Jersey Turnpike.
The road uses an all-electronic tolling system; tolls may be paid using E-ZPass or toll by plate (which uses automatic license plate recognition). Historically, cash tolls were collected using a combination of the ticket system and a barrier toll system, but cash tolls were phased out between 2016 and 2020. The turnpike also offers 15 service plazas, providing food and fuel to travelers.
During the 1930s, the Pennsylvania Turnpike was designed to improve automobile transportation across the mountains of Pennsylvania, using seven tunnels built for the abandoned South Pennsylvania Railroad in the 1880s. The road opened in 1940 between Irwin and Carlisle. It was one of the earlier long-distance limited-access highways in the United States and served as a precedent for additional limited-access toll roads and the Interstate Highway System. The Pennsylvania Turnpike was extended east to Valley Forge in 1950 and west to the Ohio state line in 1951.
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This doctoral course provides an introduction to optimal control covering fundamental theory, numerical implementation and problem formulation for applications.
A controlled-access highway is a type of highway that has been designed for high-speed vehicular traffic, with all traffic flow—ingress and egress—regulated. Common English terms are freeway, motorway and expressway. Other similar terms include throughway (or thruway) and parkway. Some of these may be limited-access highways, although this term can also refer to a class of highways with somewhat less isolation from other traffic. In countries following the Vienna convention, the motorway qualification implies that walking and parking are forbidden.
A toll road, also known as a turnpike or tollway, is a public or private road (almost always a controlled-access highway in the present day) for which a fee (or toll) is assessed for passage. It is a form of road pricing typically implemented to help recoup the costs of road construction and maintenance. Toll roads have existed in some form since antiquity, with tolls levied on passing travelers on foot, wagon, or horseback; a practice that continued with the automobile, and many modern tollways charge fees for motor vehicles exclusively.
A rest area is a public facility located next to a large thoroughfare such as a motorway, expressway, or highway, at which drivers and passengers can rest, eat, or refuel without exiting onto secondary roads. Other names include motorway service area (UK), services (UK), travel plaza, rest stop, oasis (US), service area, rest and service area (RSA), resto, service plaza, lay-by, and service centre (Canada). Facilities may include park-like areas, fuel stations, public toilets, water fountains, restaurants, and dump and fill stations for caravans / motorhomes.
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