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Concept
Web service
Summary
A web service (WS) is either:
a service offered by an electronic device to another electronic device, communicating with each other via the Internet, or
a server running on a computer device, listening for requests at a particular port over a network, serving web documents (HTML, JSON, XML, images).
In a web service, a web technology such as HTTP is used for transferring machine-readable file formats such as XML and JSON.
In practice, a web service commonly provides an object-oriented web-based interface to a database server, utilized for example by another web server, or by a mobile app, that provides a user interface to the end-user. Many organizations that provide data in formatted HTML pages will also provide that data on their server as XML or JSON, often through a Web service to allow syndication. Another application offered to the end-user may be a mashup, where a Web server consumes several Web services at different machines and compiles the content into one user interface.
Ajax (programming)
Asynchronous JavaScript And XML (AJAX) is a dominant technology for Web services. Developing from the combination of HTTP servers, JavaScript clients and Plain Old XML (as distinct from SOAP and W3C Web Services), now it is frequently used with JSON as well as, or instead of, XML.
REST
Representational State Transfer (REST) is an architecture for well-behaved Web services that can function at Internet scale.
In a 2004 document, the W3C sets following REST as a key distinguishing feature of Web services:
We can identify two major classes of Web services:
REST-compliant Web services, in which the primary purpose of the service is to manipulate XML representations of Web resources using a uniform set of stateless operations; and
arbitrary Web services, in which the service may expose an arbitrary set of operations.
There are a number of Web services that use markup languages:
JSON-RPC.
Official source
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