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Atmospheric science

Atmospheric science is the study of the Earth's atmosphere and its various inner-working physical processes. Meteorology includes atmospheric chemistry and atmospheric physics with a major focus on weather forecasting. Climatology is the study of atmospheric changes (both long and short-term) that define average climates and their change over time, due to both natural and anthropogenic climate variability. Aeronomy is the study of the upper layers of the atmosphere, where dissociation and ionization are important. Atmospheric science has been extended to the field of planetary science and the study of the atmospheres of the planets and natural satellites of the Solar System. Experimental instruments used in atmospheric science include satellites, rocketsondes, radiosondes, weather balloons, radars, and lasers. The term aerology (from Greek ἀήρ, aēr, "air"; and -λογία, -logia) is sometimes used as an alternative term for the study of Earth's atmosphere; in other definitions, aerology is restricted to the free atmosphere, the region above the planetary boundary layer. Early pioneers in the field include Léon Teisserenc de Bort and Richard Assmann. Atmospheric chemistry Atmospheric chemistry is a branch of atmospheric science in which the chemistry of the Earth's atmosphere and that of other planets is studied. It is a multidisciplinary field of research and draws on environmental chemistry, physics, meteorology, computer modeling, oceanography, geology and volcanology and other disciplines. Research is increasingly connected with other areas of study such as climatology. The composition and chemistry of the atmosphere is of importance for several reasons, but primarily because of the interactions between the atmosphere and living organisms. The composition of the Earth's atmosphere has been changed by human activity and some of these changes are harmful to human health, crops and ecosystems. Examples of problems which have been addressed by atmospheric chemistry include acid rain, photochemical smog and global warming.

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Water quality and the biogeochemical engine

Learn about how the quality of water is a direct result of complex bio-geo-chemical interactions, and about how to use these processes to mitigate water quality issues.

Rovenso

Active in autonomous robots, security monitoring and multi-modal anomaly detection. Rovenso develops autonomous robots for security and safety monitoring of industrial sites, offering enhanced security and vandalism deterrence through 24/7 unsupervised patrolling.

Minsh

Active in community, messaging and team collaboration. Minsh empowers communities through a versatile private messaging app, facilitating efficient team communication, user management, and content sharing.

Gaiasens Technologies

Active in environmental, monitoring and meteorology. Gaiasens Technologies specializes in real-time environmental monitoring solutions, setting up autonomous measurement stations for various environmental risks and excelling in air quality modeling and forecasting.

ENV-410: Science of climate change

The course equips students with a comprehensive scientific understanding of climate change covering a wide range of topics from physical principles, historical climate change, greenhouse gas emissions

ENV-407: Atmospheric processes: from cloud to global scales

The main objective is to present important atmospheric processes from the local to global scales. The course will start with cloud processes, continue to synoptic phenomena like extratropical cyclones

ENV-525: Physics and hydrology of snow

This course covers principles of snow physics, snow hydrology, snow-atmosphere interaction and snow modeling. It transmits sound understanding of physical processes within the snow and at its interfac

A pyranometer () is a type of actinometer used for measuring solar irradiance on a planar surface and it is designed to measure the solar radiation flux density (W/m2) from the hemisphere above within a wavelength range 0.3 μm to 3 μm. A typical pyranometer does not require any power to operate. However, recent technical development includes use of electronics in pyranometers, which do require (low) external power (see heat flux sensor). The solar radiation spectrum that reaches earth's surface extends its wavelength approximately from 300 nm to 2800 nm.

A solar equinox is a moment in time when the Sun crosses the Earth's equator, which is to say, appears directly above the equator, rather than north or south of the equator. On the day of the equinox, the Sun appears to rise "due east" and set "due west". This occurs twice each year, around 20 March and 23 September. More precisely, an equinox is traditionally defined as the time when the plane of Earth's equator passes through the geometric center of the Sun's disk.

An explosive (or explosive material) is a reactive substance that contains a great amount of potential energy that can produce an explosion if released suddenly, usually accompanied by the production of light, heat, sound, and pressure. An explosive charge is a measured quantity of explosive material, which may either be composed solely of one ingredient or be a mixture containing at least two substances.

Considering snow depositions and transport mechanisms in meteorological analysis of predicting snow loads on buildings

Michael Lehning, Borui Zhang, Qingwen Zhang

The meteorological conditions determine snow evolutions on and around buildings. Those climatic impacts have been independently considered in the current design codes of buildings, namely the wind pre

ELSEVIER2022

Modeling the small-scale deposition of snow onto structured Arctic sea ice during a MOSAiC storm using snowBedFoam 1.0.

Michael Lehning, Marc Schneebeli Zeugin, David Nicholas Wagner, Mahdi Jafari, Océane Hames

The remoteness and extreme conditions of the Arctic make it a very difficult environment to investigate. In these polar regions covered by sea ice, the wind is relatively strong due to the absence of

COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH2022

Snowfall and snow accumulation during the MOSAiC winter and spring seasons

Michael Lehning, Marc Schneebeli Zeugin, David Nicholas Wagner, Marc Oggier

Data from the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition allowed us to investigate the temporal dynamics of snowfall, snow accumulation and erosion in g

COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH2022

Baroclinic Instability and Cyclone Dynamics ENV-407: Atmospheric processes: from cloud to global scales

Discusses the limitations, instability, and dynamics of extratropical cyclones, focusing on baroclinic instability and the role of cyclones in redistributing heat.

Air Pollution and Wind Analysis ENV-400: Air pollution and climate change

Focuses on analyzing wind directions to understand air pollutant origins, covering loading libraries, reading wind data, and visualizing wind roses.

Parameterization of Atmospheric Processes ENV-407: Atmospheric processes: from cloud to global scales

Explores the parameterization of atmospheric processes, including microphysics, turbulence, radiation, convection, and surface processes, to improve forecast accuracy and quantify uncertainties.

Meteorology

Meteorology is a branch of the atmospheric sciences (which include atmospheric chemistry and physics) with a major focus on weather forecasting. The study of meteorology dates back millennia, though significant progress in meteorology did not begin until the 18th century. The 19th century saw modest progress in the field after weather observation networks were formed across broad regions. Prior attempts at prediction of weather depended on historical data.

Paleoclimatology

Paleoclimatology (British spelling, palaeoclimatology) is the scientific study of climates predating the invention of meteorological instruments, when no direct measurement data were available. As instrumental records only span a tiny part of Earth's history, the reconstruction of ancient climate is important to understand natural variation and the evolution of the current climate. Paleoclimatology uses a variety of proxy methods from Earth and life sciences to obtain data previously preserved within rocks, sediments, boreholes, ice sheets, tree rings, corals, shells, and microfossils.

Chemical substances

A chemical substance is a form of matter having constant chemical composition and characteristic properties. Chemical substances can be simple substances (substances consisting of a single chemical element), chemical compounds, or alloys. Chemical substances that cannot be separated into their simpler constituent elements by physical means are said to be 'pure'; this notion intended to set them apart from mixtures.