Enrico Fermi

Summary

Enrico Fermi (enˈriːko ˈfermi; 29 September 1901 – 28 November 1954) was an Italian and later naturalized American physicist and the creator of the world's first nuclear reactor, the Chicago Pile-1. He has been called the "architect of the nuclear age" and the "architect of the atomic bomb". He was one of very few physicists to excel in both theoretical physics and experimental physics. Fermi was awarded the 1938 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on induced radioactivity by neutron bombardment and for the discovery of transuranium elements. With his colleagues, Fermi filed several patents related to the use of nuclear power, all of which were taken over by the US government. He made significant contributions to the development of statistical mechanics, quantum theory, and nuclear and particle physics. Fermi's first major contribution involved the field of statistical mechanics. After Wolfgang Pauli formulated his exclusion principle in 1925, Fermi followed with a

Official source

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enrico_Fermi

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The Low Density Matter (LDM) beamline has been built as part of the FERMI free-electron laser (FEL) facility to serve the atomic, molecular and cluster physics community. After the commissioning phase, it received the first external users at the end of 2012. The design and characterization of the LDM photon transport system is described, detailing the optical components of the beamline.

International Union of Crystallography2015

Orbital characterization of iron-pnictide high-temperature superconductors by angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy

Laurent Cevey

The electronic structure of the optimally hole-doped pnictide compound Ba0:6K0:4Fe2As2 was obtained and studied by angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). The light polarization dependence of the bands is explained by the selection rules contained in the photoemission transition matrix elements, and gives novel information on the possible orbital character of the bands. The Fermi surface geometry also shows important variations with light polarization. An attempt is made to analyze its more complex link with the selection rules by taking a comparison with Fermi surface orbital character simulations. While some good correspondence can be observed, a number of inconstistancies and a large photon energy dependence seems to underline the importance of the more global matrix elements.

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A modular end-station for atomic, molecular, and cluster science at the Low Density Matter beamline of FERMI@Elettra

Nils Benedict Brauer, Marcel Drabbels, Robert Richter

The Low Density Matter end-station at the new seeded Free Electron Laser FERMI@Elettra is a versatile instrument for the study of atoms, molecules and clusters by means of electron and ion spectroscopies. Beams of atoms, molecules and helium droplets as well as clusters of atoms, molecules and metals can be produced by three different pulsed valves. The atomic and molecular beams may be seeded, and the clusters and droplets may be pure, or doped with other atoms and molecules. The electrons and ions produced by the ionization and fragmentation of the samples by the intense light of FERMI can be analyzed by the available spectrometers, to give mass spectra and energy as well as angular distributions of charged particles. The design of the detector allows simultaneous detection of electrons and ions using Velocity Map Imaging and Time-of-Flight techniques respectively. The instruments have a high energy/mass resolution and large solid-angle collection efficiency. We describe the current status of the apparatus and illustrate the potential for future experiments.

Iop Publishing Ltd2013