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Concept
Pinus halepensis
Summary
Pinus halepensis, commonly known as the Aleppo pine, also known as the Jerusalem pine, is a pine native to the Mediterranean region.
Pinus halepensis is a small to medium-sized tree, tall, with a trunk diameter up to , exceptionally up to . The bark is orange-red, thick, and deeply fissured at the base of the trunk, and thin and flaky in the upper crown. The leaves ('needles') are very slender, long, distinctly yellowish green, and produced in pairs (rarely a few in threes). The cones are narrow conic, long and broad at the base when closed, green at first, ripening glossy red-brown when 24 months old. They open slowly over the next few years, a process quickened if they are exposed to heat such as in forest fires. The cones open wide to allow the seeds to disperse. The seeds are long, with a wing, and are wind-dispersed.
File:Halep.jpg|Cones
File:Pinus halepensis foliage.jpg|Foliage
File:Pinus halepensis Trunk 11a.jpg|Bark and trunk
File:Pinus halepensis1.jpg|Plate from Lambert's ''Description of the Genus Pinus''
File:Cone of pinus halepensis in hebron.jpg|Cone of pinus halepensis in [[Hebron]]
File:Mljet 5.4.2016.JPG|''Pinus halepensis'' forest
File:Dead Aleppo Pine and the Étang de Thau.jpg|A dead Aleppo pine in front of the [[Étang de Thau]]
File:Aleppo Pines grove, Pinet, Hérault 02.jpg|A grove of Aleppo pines in [[Pinet, Hérault|Pinet]]
The Aleppo pine is closely related to the Turkish pine, Canary Island pine, and maritime pine, which all share many of its characteristics. Some authors include the Turkish pine as a subspecies of the Aleppo pine, as Pinus halepensis subsp. brutia (Ten.) Holmboe, but it is usually regarded as a distinct species. It is a relatively nonvariable species, in that its morphological characteristics stay constant over the entire range.
The native range of Pinus halepensis extends from Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and Spain north to southern France, Malta, Italy, Croatia, Montenegro, and Albania, and east to Greece. It has been introduced into many parts of the world, including Portugal.
Official source
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