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Concept
Luhansk
Summary
Luhansk (luːˈhænsk, -ˈhɑːn-; Луганськ, lʊˈɦɑnjsjk), also known as Lugansk (-ˈɡæn-, -ˈɡɑːn-; Луганск, lʊˈɡansk), is a city in the Donbas region, eastern Ukraine. As of 2022, the population was estimated to be making Luhansk the 12th-largest city in Ukraine.
Luhansk served as the administrative center of Luhansk Oblast, before pro-Russian separatists seized control of the city in 2014 and made it the capital of the self-proclaimed Luhansk People's Republic. The Ukrainian administration was located in Sievierodonetsk from 2014 to 2022 during the war in Donbas, due to Ukraine not being in control of Luhansk. Sievierodonetsk was captured by Russia in 2022 and the Luhansk Oblast was later annexed by Russia in late 2022.
Luhansk was named after the Luhan River, which flows through the city. According to folk etymology, the name is also derived to the word "Luh" (Ukrainian: Луг), which means "meadow", referring to the floodplains around the river.
The city traces its history to 1795 when the British industrialist Charles Gascoigne founded a metal factory near the Zaporizhian Cossacks settlement Kamianyi Brid. The settlement around the factory was known as Luganskiy Zavod. In 1882 the factory settlement Luganskiy Zavod was merged with the town of Kamianyi Brid into the city of Luhansk (also Luhanske, according to the Kharkiv orthography).
Located in the Donets Basin, Luhansk developed into an important industrial center of Eastern Europe, particularly as a home to the major locomotive-building company Luhanskteplovoz. The city was occupied by Nazi Germany between 14 July 1942 and 14 February 1943.
On 5 November 1935, the city was renamed Voroshilovgrad (Voroshilovgrad; Voroshylovhrad) in honour of Soviet military commander and politician Kliment Voroshilov. On 5 March 1958, after Khrushchev's call to not name cities after living people, the old name was reinstated.
On 5 January 1970, after the death of Voroshilov on 2 December 1969, the name changed again to Voroshilovgrad.
Official source
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