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Concept
Adolph Ochs
Summary
Adolph Simon Ochs (March 12, 1858 – April 8, 1935) was an American newspaper publisher and former owner of The New York Times and The Chattanooga Times (now Chattanooga Times Free Press). Through his only child, Iphigene Ochs Sulzberger, and her husband Arthur Hays Sulzberger, Ochs's descendants continue to publish The New York Times through the present day.
Ochs was born to a German Jewish family in Cincinnati, Ohio, on March 12, 1858. His parents, Julius Ochs and Bertha Levy, were both immigrants. His father had left Bavaria for the United States in 1846. Julius was a highly educated man and fluent in six languages, which he taught at schools throughout the South. He supported the Union during the Civil War. Ochs' mother Bertha, who had come to the United States in 1848 as a refugee from the revolution in Rhenish Bavaria, had lived in the South before her 1853 marriage to Julius. She sympathized with the South in the war, but their differing sympathies did not separate their household.
After the war, the family moved to Knoxville, Tennessee, in the eastern, Union-affiliated part of the state. In Knoxville, Adolph studied in the public schools and during his spare time delivered newspapers. At 11, he went to work at the Knoxville Chronicle as office boy to the editor William Rule, who became a mentor. In 1871 Ochs worked as a grocer's clerk in Providence, Rhode Island, attending a night school meanwhile. He returned to Knoxville, where he was a druggist's apprentice for some time.
In 1872, Ochs returned to the Chronicle as a "printer's devil", who looked after various details in the composing room of the paper. His siblings also worked at the newspaper to supplement the income of their father, a lay religious leader for Knoxville's small Jewish community. The Chronicle was the only Republican, pro-Reconstruction, newspaper in the city, but Ochs counted Father Ryan, the Poet-Priest of the Confederacy, among his customers.
At the age of 19, he borrowed $250 from his family to purchase a controlling interest in the Chattanooga Times, becoming its publisher.
Official source
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