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The innate immune system needs to distinguish between harmful and innocuous stimuli to adapt its activation to the level of threat. How Drosophila mounts differential immune responses to dead and live Gram-negative bacteria using the single peptidoglycan r ...
Activation of the innate immune response in Metazoans is initiated through the recognition of microbes by host pattern-recognition receptors. In Drosophila, diaminopimelic acid ( DAP)-containing peptidoglycan from Gram-negative bacteria is detected by the ...
Anthrax is a severe, although rather rare, infectious disease that is caused by the Gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium Bacillus anthracis. The infectious form is the spore and the major virulence factors of the bacterium are its poly-gamma-D-glutamic a ...
Formation and properties of aerobic granules for enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) from sequencing batch reactor (SBR) strongly depend on the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in which the microorganisms are embedded. The composition of ...
Sortases are transpeptidase enzymes that anchor surface proteins, including virulence factors, to the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria, and they are potential targets for the development of anti-infective agents. While several large compound libraries w ...
Peptidoglycan is a fundamental structure for most bacteria. It contributes to the cell morphology and provides cell wall integrity against environmental insults. While several studies have reported a significant degree of variability in the chemical compos ...
The sophisticated DNA-uptake machinery used during natural transformation is still poorly characterized, especially in Gram-negative bacteria where the transforming DNA has to cross two membranes as well as the peptidoglycan layer before entering into the ...
The increasing threat of multidrug-resistant bacterial strains against conventional antibiotic therapies represents a significant worldwide health risk and intensifies the need for novel antibacterial treatments. In this work, an effective strategy to targ ...
Eater is an EGF-like repeat transmembrane receptor of the Nimrod family and is expressed in Drosophila hemocytes. Eater was initially identified for its role in phagocytosis of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. We have deleted eater and show t ...
Electron microscopy (EM) entered a new era with the emergence of direct electron detectors and new nanocrystal electron diffraction methods. However, sample preparation techniques have not progressed and still suffer from extensive blotting steps leading t ...