USB 3.0, released in November 2008, is the third major version of the Universal Serial Bus (USB) standard for interfacing computers and electronic devices. The USB 3.0 specification defined a new architecture and protocol, named SuperSpeed, which included a new lane for a new signal coding scheme (8b/10b symbols, 5 Gbps; also known later as Gen 1) providing full-duplex data transfers that physically required five additional wires and pins, while preserving the USB 2.0-architecture and -protocols and therefore keeping the original 4 pins/wires for the USB 2.0 backward-compatibility resulting in 9 wires (with 9 or 10 pins at connector interfaces; ID-pin is not wired) in total. The new transfer rate, marketed as SuperSpeed USB (SS), can transfer signals at up to 5 Gbit/s with nominal data rate of 500 MB/s after encoding overhead, which is about 10 times faster than High-Speed (maximum for USB 2.0 standard). It is recommended that manufacturers distinguish USB 3.0 connectors from their USB 2.0 counterparts by using blue color for the Standard-A and -B receptacles and plugs, and by the initials SS.
USB 3.1, released in July 2013, is the successor specification that fully replaces the USB 3.0 specification. USB 3.1 preserves the existing SuperSpeed operation mode (8b/10b symbols, 5 Gbps), giving it the new label USB 3.1 Gen 1, The USB 3.1 specification introduced an Enhanced SuperSpeed system – while preserving the SuperSpeed-architecture and -protocol – with an additional SuperSpeedPlus-architecture adding a new coding schema (128b/132b symbols) and protocol named SuperSpeedPlus (aka SuperSpeedPlus USB, for some time period marketed as SuperSpeed+ or SS+) while defining a new transfer mode, called USB 3.1 Gen 2 which can transfer signals at up to 10 Gbit/s over the existing Type-A - and -B, and USB-C fabrics with a nominal data rate of 1212 MB/s after encoding overhead, more than twice the rate of USB 3.0 (aka Gen 1).. The Gen 2 Type-A and Type-B-connectors and -plugs are usually colored as teal blue. Still, the USB 2.
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Thunderbolt is the brand name of a hardware interface for the connection of external peripherals to a computer. It has been developed by Intel, in collaboration with Apple. It was initially marketed under the name Light Peak, and first sold as part of an end-user product on 24 February 2011. Thunderbolt combines PCI Express (PCIe) and DisplayPort (DP) into two serial signals, and additionally provides DC power, all in one cable. Up to six peripherals may be supported by one connector through various topologies.
ASUSTeK Computer Inc. (ˈeɪsuːs, eɪˈsuːs, ɑ:ˈ-, əˈ-; ; stylized as ASUSTeK or ASUS) is a Taiwanese multinational computer, phone hardware and electronics manufacturer headquartered in Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan. Its products include desktop computers, laptops, netbooks, mobile phones, networking equipment, monitors, wi-fi routers, projectors, motherboards, graphics cards, optical storage, multimedia products, peripherals, wearables, servers, workstations and tablet PCs. The company is also an original equipment manufacturer (OEM).
Computer hardware includes the physical parts of a computer, such as the case, central processing unit (CPU), random access memory (RAM), monitor, mouse, keyboard, computer data storage, graphics card, sound card, speakers and motherboard. By contrast, software is the set of instructions that can be stored and run by hardware. Hardware is so-termed because it is "hard" or rigid with respect to changes, whereas software is "soft" because it is easy to change. Hardware is typically directed by the software to execute any command or instruction.
L'objectif de ce cours est d'introduire les étudiants à la pensée algorithmique, de les familiariser avec les fondamentaux de l'Informatique et de développer une première compétence en programmation (
Linear and nonlinear dynamical systems are found in all fields of science and engineering. After a short review of linear system theory, the class will explain and develop the main tools for the quali
Explores large scale stability in dynamical systems, emphasizing non-increasing trajectories and strict decrease of a specific function.
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The Universal Serial Bus (USB) connects external devices to a host. This interface exposes the OS kernels and device drivers to attacks by malicious devices. Unfortunately, kernels and drivers were developed under a security model that implicitly trusts co ...
USENIX ASSOC2020
Word embeddings have gained increasing popularity in the recent years due to the Word2vec library and its extension fastText that uses subword information. In this paper, we aim at improving the execution speed of fastText training on homogeneous multi- an ...
IEEE COMPUTER SOC2021
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This article introduces a wireline receiver (RX) data-path employing discrete multi-tone (DMT) modulation for communicating over electrical links. The DMT RX incorporates a fully digital equalization data-path, with a synthesized and automatically placed a ...