Western concert flute

The Western concert flute is a family of transverse (side-blown) woodwind instruments made of metal or wood. It is the most common variant of the flute. A musician who plays the flute is called a flautist (in British English), flutist (in American English), or simply a flute player. This type of flute is used in many ensembles, including concert bands, military bands, marching bands, orchestras, flute ensembles, and occasionally jazz bands and big bands. Other flutes in this family include the piccolo, the alto flute, and the bass flute. A large repertory of works has been composed for flute. Flute The flute is one of the oldest and most widely used wind instruments. The precursors of the modern concert flute were keyless wooden transverse flutes similar to modern fifes. These were later modified to include between one and eight keys for chromatic notes. "Six-finger" D is the most common pitch for keyless wooden transverse flutes, which continue to be used today, particularly in Irish traditional music and historically informed performances of early music, including Baroque. During the Baroque era the traditional transverse flute was redesigned and eventually developed as the modern traverso. Throughout the 11th, 12th, and 13th centuries, transverse flutes were very uncommon in Europe, with the recorder being more prominent. The transverse flute arrived in Europe from Asia via the Byzantine Empire, where it migrated to Germany and France. These flutes became known as "German flutes" to distinguish them from others, such as the recorder. The flute became used in court music, along with the viol, and was used in secular music, although only in France and Germany. It would not spread to the rest of Europe for nearly a century. The first literary appearance of the transverse flute was made in 1285 by Adenet le Roi in a list of instruments he played. After this, a period of 70 years follows in which few references to the flute are found. Beginning in the 1470s, a military revival in Europe led to a revival in the flute.

Transpositions.Génération d’une centralité villageoise: dialogue entre patrimoine et nouvelles constructions, Domdidier (FR)

Mégane Krebs, Cynthia Coucet

Deux constats ressortent de l’étude des conséquences de la densification des villages du plateau suisse réalisée lors de l’énoncé théorique. D’une part, la tendance de ces localités à se transformer en village-dortoir. D’autre part, la mise en danger de leur patrimoine par les nouvelles constructions génériques. Le village de Domdidier, dans la Broye fribourgeoise, illustre ces répercussions. Le projet propose une revitalisation de son centre afin de contrer le phénomène de village-dortoir. Deux approches sont utilisées: l’une spatiale, l’autre programmatique. Une nouvelle centralité est créée par la synergie de trois bâtiments, une grange et un manoir existants, ainsi qu’un nouveau bâtiment. Les programmes implantés génèrent une activité tout au long de la journée et une mixité attractive entre les secteurs économiques, sociaux, culturels et privés. La construction d’un nouveau bâtiment permet de démontrer qu’un dialogue est possible entre le patrimoine architectural des villages et une architecture actuelle. Le principe de transposition, qui consiste en une analyse du tissu bâti et de son contexte afin d’en réinterpréter les thèmes récurrents, permet d’harmoniser ces deux architectures. L’expression des façades ou le rôle de la structure en sont des exemples. Suivant le même principe de transposition, l’utilisation d’éléments paysagers caractéristiques du langage villageois permet de traiter les aménagements extérieurs avec la finesse propre à l’échelle du village.

2019

Transpositions.Génération d’une centralité villageoise: dialogue entre patrimoine et nouvelles constructions, Domdidier (FR)

Experimental investigation of fast ion dynamics in TORPEX toroidal plasmas

Investigation of sheath effects on interchange modes in TORPEX plasmas

Investigation of sheath effects on interchange modes in TORPEX plasmas

Experimental investigation of fast ion dynamics in TORPEX toroidal plasmas

Transpositions.Génération d’une centralité villageoise: dialogue entre patrimoine et nouvelles constructions, Domdidier (FR)