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Concept
Six Dynasties
Summary
Six Dynasties (; 220–589 or 222–589) is a collective term for six Han Chinese-ruled Chinese dynasties that existed from the early 3rd century AD to the late 6th century AD, between the end of the Han dynasty and beginning of the Sui dynasty. The Six Dynasties period overlapped with the era of the Sixteen Kingdoms, a chaotic warring period in northern China after the collapse of the Western Jin dynasty. The term "Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties" (魏晋南北朝 [zh] ) is also used by Chinese historians when referring to the historical period of the Six Dynasties, although both terms do not refer to the exact same dynasties.
The six dynasties based in Jiankang (in modern Nanjing) were:
Eastern Wu dynasty (222–280)
Eastern Jin dynasty (317–420)
Liu Song dynasty (420–479)
Southern Qi dynasty (479–502)
Liang dynasty (502–557)
Chen dynasty (557–589)
Xu Song (許嵩) from the Tang dynasty wrote a book titled Veritable Records of Jiankang (建康實錄) that provides a historical account of Jiankang, which gave rise to this list.
They are sometimes referred to as the southern Six Dynasties, to distinguish them from the so-called northern Six dynasties:
Wei dynasty (220–266)
Western Jin dynasty (266–316)
Northern Wei dynasty (386–535)
Northern Qi dynasty (550–577)
Northern Zhou dynasty (557–581)
Sui dynasty (581–618)
Six Dynasties poetry
The Six Dynasties was an important era in the history of Chinese poetry, especially remarkable for its frank (for Classical Chinese poetry) descriptions of love and beauty. Especially important, and frequently translated into English, is the anthology New Songs from the Jade Terrace, compiled by Xu Ling (507–83), under the patronage of Crown Prince Xiao Gang (Later Emperor Jian Wen) of the Liang dynasty. Also significant, is the Zi Ye, or "Lady Midnight" style, supposedly originating with an eponymously named fourth-century professional singer of the Jin dynasty.
The Six Dynasties period was the first time in history that the political centre of China was located in the south, which spurred a surge in population as well as economic and cultural development.
Official source
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