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Concept
West Sussex
Summary
West Sussex is a ceremonial county in South East England. Established in 1974 from the western half of Sussex, it is bordered by Surrey to the north, East Sussex to the east, the English Channel to the south, and Hampshire to the west. The county town is the city of Chichester, and the largest settlement is Crawley.
The county has an area of and a population of 858,852. Along the south coast is a near-continuous urban area which includes the towns of Bognor Regis (63,855), Littlehampton (55,706), and Worthing (111,338); the latter two are part of the Brighton and Hove built-up area, which extends into East Sussex and has a total population of 474,485. The interior of the county is generally rural; the largest towns are Crawley (118,493) and Horsham (50,934), both in the north-east, and the city of Chichester in the south-west has a population of 26,795. West Sussex was an administrative county with a county council from 1889 to 1974. Since 1974, West Sussex has been a two-tier non-metropolitan county for administrative purposes, governed by West Sussex County Council and seven district councils.
The South Downs are a defining feature of the county, crossing it from east to west and dividing the north and south. The downs are a chalk escarpment which falls away sharply into the Weald to the north and more gently toward the south, where there is a narrow strip of flat land between the hills and the coast. The coastal strip widens to the west, where it is punctuated by Chichester Harbour, which together with Langstone and Portsmouth harbours in neighbouring Hampshire is a ria.
The county has a long history of human settlement dating back to the Lower Paleolithic era. The Romans conquered West Sussex's indigenous Britons, and incorporated the area as a Roman province. During the Early Middle Ages, the Saxons settled the area, establishing the Kingdom of Sussex in 477, which lasted until 827 when the kingdom was annexed by Wessex. It has a number of stately homes including Goodwood, Petworth House and Uppark, and castles such as Arundel Castle and Bramber Castle.
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