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Concept
Dhikr
Summary
Dhikr (, ðɪkr, also spelled Zikr, Thikr, Zekr, or Zikar, 'remembrance, reminder' or 'mention') is a form of Islamic prayer in which phrases or prayers are repeatedly chanted in order to remember God. It plays a central role in Sufi Islam, and each Sufi order has usually adopted a specific dhikr, typically accompanied by specific posture, breathing, and movement. In Sufi Islam, dhikr refers to both the act of this remembrance as well as the prayers used in these acts of remembrance. Dhikr can be performed in solitude or as a collective group. It can be counted on a set of prayer beads (Misbaha مِسْبَحَة) or through the fingers of the hand. A person who recites the Dhikr is called a Dhakir (ذَاكِر, ðaːkɪr), literally "he who remembers." The content of the prayers includes the names of God, or a dua (prayer of supplication) taken from the hadiths or the Quran.
The Quran frequently refers to itself and other scriptures and prophetic messages as "reminder" (dhikra, tadhkir), which is understood as a call to "remember" (dhikr) an innate knowledge of God that humans already possess. The Quran uses the term "dhikr" to denote the reminder from God conveyed through the prophets as well as the human response to that reminder, signifying a reciprocal interaction between the Divine and the human. The prophets deliver God's message as a reminder to humans, who, in turn, remember and acknowledge it.
There are several verses in the Quran that emphasize the importance of remembering the will of God by saying phrases such as "God willing" "God knows best," and "If it is your will.' This is the basis for dhikr. Surah al-Kahf (18), Ayah 24 states a person who forgets to say, "God willing", should immediately remember God by saying, "Maybe my Lord will guide me to [something] more akin to rectitude than this." Other verses include Surah al-Ahzab (33), Ayah 41, "O you who have faith! Remember Allah with frequent remembrance", and Surah ar-Ra'd (13), Ayah 28, "those who have faith, and whose hearts find rest in the remembrance of Allah.
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