June 25

524 – The Franks are defeated by the Burgundians in the Battle of Vézeronce. 841 – In the Battle of Fontenay-en-Puisaye, forces led by Charles the Bald and Louis the German defeat the armies of Lothair I of Italy and Pepin II of Aquitaine. 1258 – War of Saint Sabas: In the Battle of Acre, the Venetians defeat a larger Genoese fleet sailing to relieve Acre. 1530 – At the Diet of Augsburg the Augsburg Confession is presented to the Holy Roman Emperor by the Lutheran princes and Electors of Germany. 1658 – Spanish forces fail to retake Jamaica at the Battle of Rio Nuevo during the Anglo-Spanish War. 1678 – Venetian Elena Cornaro Piscopia is the first woman awarded a doctorate of philosophy when she graduates from the University of Padua. 1741 – Maria Theresa is crowned Queen of Hungary. 1786 – Gavriil Pribylov discovers St. George Island of the Pribilof Islands in the Bering Sea. 1788 – Virginia becomes the tenth state to ratify the United States Constitution. 1848 – A photograph of the June Days uprising becomes the first known instance of photojournalism. 1876 – Battle of the Little Bighorn and the death of Lieutenant Colonel George Armstrong Custer. 1900 – The Taoist monk Wang Yuanlu discovers the Dunhuang manuscripts, a cache of ancient texts that are of great historical and religious significance, in the Mogao Caves of Dunhuang, China. 1906 – Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania millionaire Harry Thaw shoots and kills prominent architect Stanford White. 1910 – The United States Congress passes the Mann Act, which prohibits interstate transport of women or girls for "immoral purposes"; the ambiguous language would be used to selectively prosecute people for years to come. 1910 – Igor Stravinsky's ballet The Firebird is premiered in Paris, bringing him to prominence as a composer. 1913 – American Civil War veterans begin arriving at the Great Reunion of 1913. 1935 – Colombia–Soviet Union relations are established. 1938 – Dr. Douglas Hyde is inaugurated as the first President of Ireland.