Modern art

Summary

Modern art includes artistic work produced during the period extending roughly from the 1860s to the 1970s, and denotes the styles and philosophies of the art produced during that era. The term is usually associated with art in which the traditions of the past have been thrown aside in a spirit of experimentation. Modern artists experimented with new ways of seeing and with fresh ideas about the nature of materials and functions of art. A tendency away from the narrative, which was characteristic of the traditional arts, toward abstraction is characteristic of much modern art. More recent artistic production is often called contemporary art or postmodern art. Modern art begins with the heritage of painters like Vincent van Gogh, Paul Cézanne, Paul Gauguin, Georges Seurat and Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec all of whom were essential for the development of modern art. At the beginning of the 20th century Henri Matisse and several other young artists including the pre-cubists Georges Braque,

Official source

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern_art

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This book describes for the first time ever, the rise of the modern art of building with concrete in the different German territories stretching from Friesland to Pomerania and southwards from Bavaria to Baden during the first three quarters of the 19th century. Based on careful analyses of historic documents and literature, the book traces an engaging history of master builders, engineers, architects, theoreticians, chemists and inventors tracking the evolution of different building techniques, materials, studies and experiments concerning concrete. It analyses German master builders' consideration for classical building culture and for contemporaneous constructions observed in neighbouring countries. This narration starts at the turn of the 19th century with early scientific studies on cement, examples of rudimentary concrete used as filling material in small hydraulic foundations and attempts at producing mortar-based artificial stones and moulded objects. The account then follows the progression of cement and the abilities of master builders who worked with concrete until crucial evolutionary stages were reached in the 1870s. Early scientific theories about the chemical reactions in the production and hardening of cement were developed; concrete was finally used to build huge underwater foundations as well as entire houses; the production of mortar-based artificial stones and moulded objects became an important manufacturing branch; the first standards for the production and sale of Portland cement were defined and officially implemented.

EPFL Press2016

The Value of Concepts in the Shared Design Practice

Dario Rodighiero

Gilles Deleuze was used to say that philosophers are creators of concepts, extracted by a continuous flux of thinking (Deleuze 1980). These concepts, during a period of intense exchange between disciplines in the 20th century, have not been limited to philosophy as they were employed in Computer Science and Design differently. On one hand, Computer Science uses concepts to stabilize technology language and design architectures (Ciborra 2004); on the other hand, Design makes use of concepts as a creative method in the design process (MoMA 1972). This presentation aims to bring together a common ground in order to establish a shared view that might be useful for the creation of design objects (visualizations, books, and web sites) within the project. Biography - Ciborra, Claudio. 2004. The Labyrinths of Information: Challenging the Wisdom of Systems. Oxford University Press. - Deleuze, Gilles. 1980. “Dernière Année, Vincennes.” Les Courses De Gilles Deleuze. https://www.webdeleuze.com/textes/48. - Museum of Modern Art (MoMA). 1972. Italy: the New Domestic Landscape Achievements and Problems of Italian Design. Edited by Emilio Ambasz. Greenwich, CT: New York Graphic Society. www.moma.org/calendar/exhibitions/1783.

2018