Sedimentary structures

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Propagation of fluid driven fractures in transversely isotropic material

Fatima-Ezzahra Moukhtari

The propagation of fluid driven fractures is used in a number of industrial applications (well stimulation of unconventional reservoirs, development of deep geothermal systems) but also occurs naturally (magmatic dyke intrusion). While the mechanics of hyd ...

EPFL2020

Hypolimnetic oxygen depletion rates in deep lakes: Effects of trophic state and organic matter accumulation

Alfred Johny Wüest, Robert Vincent Schwefel, Beat Mueller

This study investigated the consumption of oxygen (O-2) in 11 European lakes ranging from 48 m to 372 m deep. In lakes less than similar to 100 m deep, the main pathways for O-2 consumption were organic matter (OM) mineralization at the sediment surface an ...

American Society of Limnology and Oceanography2020

Antidunes on steep slopes: variability of wave geometry and migration celerity

Christophe Ancey, Ivan Pascal

As a result of interactions between streamflow andsediment, riverbeds are seldom smooth, but depending onhydraulic and sediment transport conditions, they exhibitbedforms, which grow and migrate over time (upstreamor downstream). Morphology migration may e ...

Heide Friedrich and Karin Bryan2019

Understanding snow bedform formation by adding sintering to a cellular automata model

Varun Sharma, Michael Lehning, Louise Braud

Cellular-automata-based modelling for simulating snow bedforms and snow deposition is introduced in this study. The well-known ReSCAL model, previously used for sand bedforms, is adapted for this purpose by implementing a simple sintering mechanism. The ef ...

Copernicus GmbH2019

Ecosystem engineers: Biofilms and the ontogeny of glacier floodplain ecosystems

Tom Ian Battin, Jade Brandani, Matteo Roncoroni

The term “ecosystem engineering” emerged in the 1990s and is commonly used to refer to the activities of larger organisms like beavers and trees in rivers and streams. The focus on larger organisms may be motivated by their more visible effects on the envi ...

2019

Preferential Deposition of Snow and Dust Over Hills: Governing Processes and Relevant Scales

Michael Lehning, Marc Parlange, Francesco Comola, Marco Giovanni Giometto

Preferential deposition of snow and dust over complex terrain is responsible for a wide range of environmental processes and accounts for a significant source of uncertainty in the surface mass balances of cold and arid regions. Despite the growing body of ...

2019

Upstream Erosion and Sediment Passage at Piano Key Weirs

Anton Schleiss, Michael Pfister, Ivan Stojnic

Piano key weirs (PKWs) are a weir type characterized by an effective rating curve. Accordingly, this control structure is primarily applied at dams to increase the spillway capacity. In recent years, PKWs also have been implemented in rivers combined with ...

2019

Composition and superposition of alluvial deposits drive macro-biological soil engineering and organic matter dynamics in floodplains

Claire Guenat, Pascal Turberg, Rodolphe Schlaepfer, Renée-Claire Le Bayon, Andreas Cedric Schomburg

Soil structure formation in alluvial soils is a fundamental process in near-natural floodplains. A stable soil structure is essential for many ecosystem services and helps to prevent river bank erosion. Plants and earthworms are successful soil engineering ...

2019

Dynamic anticrack propagation in snow

Johan Alexandre Philippe Gaume

Continuum numerical modeling of dynamic crack propagation has been a great challenge over the past decade. This is particularly the case for anticracks in porous materials, as reported in sedimentary rocks, deep earthquakes, landslides, and snow avalanches ...

Nature Research2018

Morphological resilience to flow fluctuations of fine sediment deposits in bank lateral cavities

Anton Schleiss, Mário Jorge Rodrigues Pereira Da Franca, Carmelo Juez Jiménez, Matthias Thalmann

Lateral cavities are built in the banks of rivers for several purposes: to create harbors, to capture sed- iment, to keep a central navigable channel (i.e., Casiers de Girardon in the Rhone river) or to promote the formation of aquatic habitats if a limite ...

2018

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Understanding snow bedform formation by adding sintering to a cellular automata model

Varun Sharma, Michael Lehning, Louise Braud

Copernicus GmbH2019

Composition and superposition of alluvial deposits drive macro-biological soil engineering and organic matter dynamics in floodplains

Claire Guenat, Pascal Turberg, Rodolphe Schlaepfer, Renée-Claire Le Bayon, Andreas Cedric Schomburg

2019