Concept

Knot

Related publications (25)

Capsizing due to friction-induced twist in the failure of stopper knots

Pedro Miguel Nunes Pereira de Almeida Reis, Paul Johanns

We investigate the failure mechanism of stopper knots, with a particular focus on the figure -8 knot as a representative example. Stopper knots are widely used in climbing, sailing, racket stringing, and sewing to maintain tension in ropes, strings, or thr ...

Elsevier2024

The strength of surgical knots involves a critical interplay between friction and elastoplasticity

Pedro Miguel Nunes Pereira de Almeida Reis, Paul Johanns, Changyeob Baek, Paul Grandgeorge

Knots are the weakest link in surgical sutures, serving as mechanical ligatures between filaments. Exceeding their safe operational limits can cause fatal complications. The empirical nature of present guidelines calls for a predictive understanding of the ...

AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE2023

Mechanics of Physical Knots: From Filaments in Contact to Surgical Suturing

Paul Johanns

In this thesis, we study the mechanics of tight physical knots. Knots are omnipresent in surgery, climbing, and sailing, with disastrous consequences when the filament or the rope fails to perform its function. Even if the importance of mechanical analysis ...

EPFL2023

Computational Exploration of Multistable Elastic Knots

Mark Pauly, Michele Vidulis, Yingying Ren

We present an algorithmic approach to discover, study, and design multistable elastic knots. Elastic knots are physical realizations of closed curves embedded in 3-space. When endowed with the material thickness and bending resistance of a physical wire, t ...

2023

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We perform a combined experimental and computational investigation of the clove hitch knot. We develop a physical model for the clove hitch by tying an elastic rod onto a rigid cylinder. In the experiments, we characterize the mechanical performance, geome ...

ELSEVIER2022

The shapes of physical trefoil knots

Pedro Miguel Nunes Pereira de Almeida Reis, John Maddocks, Paul Johanns, Changyeob Baek, Paul Grandgeorge

We perform a compare-and-contrast investigation between the equilibrium shapes of physical and ideal trefoil knots, both in closed and open configurations. Ideal knots are purely geometric abstractions for the tightest configuration tied in a perfectly fle ...

2021

Finite Element Modeling of Tight Elastic Knots

Pedro Miguel Nunes Pereira de Almeida Reis, Tomohiko Sano, Paul Johanns, Changyeob Baek, Paul Grandgeorge

We present a methodology to simulate the mechanics of knots in elastic rods using geometrically nonlinear, full three-dimensional (3D) finite element analysis. We focus on the mechanical behavior of knots in tight configurations, for which the full 3D defo ...

2020

Experimenting with knots

Giovanni Dietler

Knots are interesting objects to experiment since their topological properties are combined with mechanical properties, fluid mechanics or dynamical properties like unknotting under the excitation of the thermal energy. Knots play also a role in biology be ...

SPRINGER HEIDELBERG2019

Tuning knot abundance in semiflexible chains with crowders of different sizes: a Monte Carlo study of DNA chains

Giovanni Dietler

We use stochastic simulation techniques to sample the conformational space of linear semiflexible polymers in a crowded medium and study how the knotting properties depend on the crowder size and concentration. The abundance of physical knots in the chains ...

Royal Society of Chemistry2016

Untangling the Mechanics and Topology in the Frictional Response of Long Overhand Elastic Knots

Pedro Miguel Nunes Pereira de Almeida Reis

We combine experiments and theory to study the mechanics of overhand knots in slender elastic rods under tension. The equilibrium shape of the knot is governed by an interplay between topology, friction, and bending. We use precision model experiments to q ...

American Physical Society2015

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