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Leisure has often been defined as a quality of experience or as free time. Free time is time spent away from business, work, job hunting, domestic chores, and education, as well as necessary activities such as eating and sleeping. Leisure as an experience usually emphasizes dimensions of perceived freedom and choice. It is done for "its own sake", for the quality of experience and involvement. Other classic definitions include Thorstein Veblen's (1899) of "nonproductive consumption of time." Free time is not easy to define due to the multiplicity of approaches used to determine its essence. Different disciplines have definitions reflecting their common issues: for example, sociology on social forces and contexts and psychology as mental and emotional states and conditions. From a research perspective, these approaches have an advantage of being quantifiable and comparable over time and place. Leisure studies and sociology of leisure are the academic

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Le dehors de toute fête : une sociologie urbaine de la sécurité au Montreux Jazz Festival

Lucien Jean Delley

This thesis is the result of four years of investigation carried out as « security coordinator » of the Monteux Jazz Festival. From this operational commitment, I sought to understand : how the festival is integrated into the city ; what affects the safety of the public and disturbs the urban order ; the apparatus implemented for risk management. The analyses focus on two spatial figures: the club and the park. The first part retraces the difficult adoption of electronic music in the 1990s, before raising questions pertaining to the Strobe Klub in situ, in particular the conditions of production of clubbing - an experience now largely integrated into the regulated and profitable system of urban leisure. The second part focuses on the festive occupation of a public park located outside the perimeter of the event; from a night that degenerates between young people and the police, to the development and implementation of an urban mediation project. The results of this research allow to draw a sociological framework for the festive space by highlighting three urban security regimes (tension, domestication, taming) which correspond to specific ways of dealing with risk (fear, suspicion, relationship) and are part of a dialectic of outside/inside (exclusion, selection, inclusion). These are both personal and collective ways of engaging and experiencing disorder, of preparing spaces or implementing practices. The importance of social work in the management of large public events and other crowd moments also emerges. The «outside of any party» is not only a spatial outside, but the unpredictable part which, in the perspective of hospitality, allows us to reexamine urban security policies.

EPFL2022

Beijing Winter Olympic Games 2022: ecological civilization as a new step for extended urbanization to enhance consumption

Florence Graezer Bideau, Thierry Marcel Theurillat

Beijing Winter Olympic Games 2022: a new step for urbanization and consumption Florence Graezer Bideau, Thierry Theurillat The 2022 Beijing Winter Games is a multiscale state project involving Central, Provincial, Municipal and Districts Governments. It aims at accelerating urbanization in the whole metropolitan area (Beijing-Tianjin-Baoding) also by incorporating remote mountainous and rural areas into the urban consumption spaces. Urban consumption spaces are viewed as economic development and extension of the urban built environment as part of a new step for land-driven accumulation, which goes along with state policies to promote cultural heritage and new leisure and sports activities to legitimate the massive economic and societal transformation induced by the Games. This paper emphasizes three distinct areas that are iconic of these urbanization and civilization processes. In the city historical core, Imperial heritage is preserved for city branding and global and national tourism. The built environment of many central districts have been kept on being renovated since the early 2000s which at the same time is also an operation of removal of existing popular inhabitants. The steel plant of Shougang and industrial heritage is being turned into a new urban pole in Eastern Beijing that aims to attract new generations of creative urbanites and consumers of fashionable urban sports. The main location for the Games, the mountains districts, implies a radical transformation of the landscape and traditional built environment, the pastoral economy and social behaviors and practices. Simultaneously, the Games legacy means to turn the whole area into a new urban consumption, leisure activity and residential spaces for middle and upper-middle urban citizens of the whole metropolitan area.

2021

Rhythmanalysis of Urban Events: Empirical Elements from the Montreux Jazz Festival

Lucien Jean Delley, Guillaume Simon Joseph Drevon, Nils Hamel, Luca Giovanni Pattaroni

This article proposes an original approach to urban events mapping. At the theoretical level, the article is based on rhythmanalysis and recent research on urban rhythms. It contrasts with previous research by departing from everyday rhythms to tackle the specific rhythms of urban events. Drawing on this theoretical framework, the article proposes to analyse the rhythms of the Montreux Jazz Festival. The article proposes two main types of rhythmic scales, linked with the historical development of the Festival and its annual performance. The methodology is based on a mixed method of data collection and an original analysis framework. The analysis of the historical rhythm is carried out based on the analysis of the festival archives and interviews with experts. The analysis uses the Time Machine visualisation device that reveals three processes of urban resonance: the spread, which shows how the festival is integrated into the existing urban fabric; the openness, which shows accessibility; and the grip, which seeks to evaluate the urban sphere of influence of the event. These different visualisations are enriched by the addition of other data, including ticket scanning and commercial transactions that show the alternance between high and low-intensity periods. These allowed us to not only confirm the impact of programming on flows, but also the effects of the wider organisation of the leisure system. The results of the analysis show that the intertwining of the two rhythmic scales produces a hyper-place that resonates both internationally and locally.

2020

Entertainment

Entertainment is a form of activity that holds the attention and interest of an audience or gives pleasure and delight. It can be an idea or a task, but it is more likely to be one of the activities

Sport

Sport pertains to any form of physical activity or game, often competitive and organized, that aims to use, maintain, or improve physical ability and skills while providing enjoyment to participant

Play (activity)

Play is a range of intrinsically motivated activities done for recreational pleasure and enjoyment. Play is commonly associated with children and juvenile-level activities, but may be engaged in at

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