In statistics, the likelihood principle is the proposition that, given a statistical model, all the evidence in a sample relevant to model parameters is contained in the likelihood function.
A likelihood function arises from a probability density function considered as a function of its distributional parameterization argument. For example, consider a model which gives the probability density function of observable random variable as a function of a parameter Then for a specific value of the function is a likelihood function of it gives a measure of how "likely" any particular value of is, if we know that has the value The density function may be a density with respect to counting measure, i.e. a probability mass function.
Two likelihood functions are equivalent if one is a scalar multiple of the other.
The likelihood principle is this: All information from the data that is relevant to inferences about the value of the model parameters is in the equivalence class to which the likelihood function belongs. The strong likelihood principle applies this same criterion to cases such as sequential experiments where the sample of data that is available results from applying a stopping rule to the observations earlier in the experiment.
Suppose
is the number of successes in twelve independent Bernoulli trials with probability of success on each trial, and
is the number of independent Bernoulli trials needed to get three successes, again with probability of success on each trial ( for the toss of a fair coin).
Then the observation that induces the likelihood function
while the observation that induces the likelihood function
The likelihood principle says that, as the data are the same in both cases, the inferences drawn about the value of should also be the same. In addition, all the inferential content in the data about the value of is contained in the two likelihoods, and is the same if they are proportional to one another.
This page is automatically generated and may contain information that is not correct, complete, up-to-date, or relevant to your search query. The same applies to every other page on this website. Please make sure to verify the information with EPFL's official sources.
The course aims at developing certain key aspects of the theory of statistics, providing a common general framework for statistical methodology. While the main emphasis will be on the mathematical asp
Machine learning and data analysis are becoming increasingly central in sciences including physics. In this course, fundamental principles and methods of machine learning will be introduced and practi
Statistics is the discipline that concerns the collection, organization, analysis, interpretation, and presentation of data, and is used to solve practical problems and draw conclusions. When analyzing data, the approaches used can lead to different conclusions on the same data. For example, weather forecasts often vary among different forecasting agencies that use different forecasting algorithms and techniques. Conclusions drawn from statistical analysis often involve uncertainty as they represent the probability of an event occurring.
In statistics, the likelihood principle is the proposition that, given a statistical model, all the evidence in a sample relevant to model parameters is contained in the likelihood function. A likelihood function arises from a probability density function considered as a function of its distributional parameterization argument.
In statistical inference, the likelihood function quantifies the plausibility of parameter values characterizing a statistical model in light of observed data. Its most typical usage is to compare possible parameter values (under a fixed set of observations and a particular model), where higher values of likelihood are preferred because they correspond to more probable parameter values.