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Concept
L. L. Zamenhof
Summary
L. L. Zamenhof (15 December 1859 - 14 April 1917) was an ophthalmologist who lived for most of his life in Warsaw. He is best known as the creator of Esperanto, the most widely used constructed international auxiliary language.
Zamenhof first developed the Esperanto language in 1873 while still in school. He grew up fascinated by the idea of a world without war and believed that this could happen with the help of a new international auxiliary language. The language would be a tool to gather people together through neutral, fair, equitable communication. He successfully formed a community which has survived to this day despite the World Wars of the 20th century, and which continues making attempts to reform the language or create more modern IALs (the only other language like Esperanto at the time was Volapük). Additionally, Esperanto has developed like other languages: through the interaction and creativity of its users.
In light of his achievements, and his support of intercultural dialogue, UNESCO selected Zamenhof as one of its eminent personalities of 2017, on the 100th anniversary of his death. As of 2019, there are a minimum of 2 million people speaking Esperanto, including an estimated 1,000 native speakers.
Zamenhof came from a multilingual area. His name is transliterated as follows:
English: Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof – English pronunciation: ˈzæmənhɒf,ˈzæmɪnhɒf,-nɒv,_-nɒf
Esperanto: Ludoviko Lazaro Zamenhofo – ludoˈviko laˈzaro zamenˈhofo
French: Louis Lazare Zamenhof – lwi la.zaʁ za.mɛn.of
German: Ludwig "Levi" Lazarus Samenhof – ˈluːtvɪç ˈlaːtsaʁʊs ˈzaːmənhoːf
Eli'ezer Ludwig Zamenhof – eliˈ(ʕ)ezeʁ ˈludvig ˈzamenhof
Lithuanian: Liudvikas Lazaris (Leizeris) Zamenhofas
Polish: Ludwik Łazarz Zamenhof – ˈludvjik ˈwazaʃ zãˈmɛ̃nxɔf
Lyudvik Lazar' (Leyzer) Markovich Zamengof
Liudvih Lazar Markavič Zamienhof (Zamienhoŭ)
Leyzer "Leyvi" Zamenhof
Born into an Ashkenazi family, at his birth Zamenhof was given the common Hebrew name Eliezer by his parents, the equivalent of the English Lazarus.
Official source
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