Šid

Šid (Шид, ʃîːd; Sid) is a town and municipality located in the Srem District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. It has a population of 14,893, while the municipality has 34,188 inhabitants. A border crossing between Serbia and Croatia is located in the town. In Serbian, the town is known as Šid (Шид), in Hungarian as Sid, in German as Schid, in Slovak as Šíd, and in Rusyn as Шид. Šid was firstly mentioned in 1702. At first, settlement was part of Danubian Military Frontier, but since the middle of the 18th century, it was part of the Syrmia County of the Habsburg Kingdom of Slavonia. In 1848-1849, Šid was part of Serbian Vojvodina, and in 1849-1860 part of Voivodeship of Serbia and Banat of Temeschwar. After the abolishment of the voivodeship in 1860, Šid was again incorporated into Syrmia County of the Kingdom of Slavonia. In 1868, Kingdom of Slavonia was joined with the Kingdom of Croatia into the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia, which was part of the Kingdom of Hungary and Austria-Hungary. Šid was a district center within Syrmia County. In 1910, ethnic Serbs were in absolute majority in the town, while other sizable ethnic groups included Rusyns, Slovaks and Croats. In 1918, the town first became part of the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs, then part of the Kingdom of Serbia and finally part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. From 1918 to 1922, Šid was part of the Syrmia county, from 1922 to 1929 part of the Syrmia oblast, from 1929 to 1931 part of the Drina Banovina, from 1931 to 1939 part of the Danube Banovina, and from 1939 to 1941 part of the Banovina of Croatia. During World War II, from 1941 to 1944, the town was occupied by Axis troops and was included into the Pavelić's Independent State of Croatia. The fascist Ustashe regime systematically murdered Serbs (as part of the Genocide of the Serbs), Jews (The Holocaust), Roma (The Porajmos), and some political dissidents. In August 1942, following the joint military anti-partisan operation in the Syrmia by the Ustashe and German Wehrmacht, it turned into a massacre by the Ustasha militia that left up to 7,000 Serbs dead.