Naqada culture

The Naqada culture is an archaeological culture of Chalcolithic Predynastic Egypt (c. 4000–3000 BC), named for the town of Naqada, Qena Governorate. A 2013 Oxford University radiocarbon dating study of the Predynastic period suggests a beginning date sometime between 3,800 and 3,700 BC. The final phase of the Naqada culture is Naqada III, which is coterminous with the Protodynastic Period (Early Bronze Age 3200–3000 BC) in ancient Egypt. The Naqada period was first divided by the British Egyptologist William Matthew Flinders Petrie, who explored the site in 1894, into three sub-periods: Naqada I: Amratian (after the cemetery near El-Amrah, Egypt) Naqada II: Gerzean (after the cemetery near Gerzeh) Naqada III: Semainean (after the cemetery near Es-Semaina) Petrie's chronology was superseded by that of Werner Kaiser in 1957. Kaiser's chronology began c. 4000 BC, but the modern version has been adjusted slightly, as follows: Naqada I (about 3900–3650 BC) black-topped and painted pottery trade with Nubia, Western Desert oases, and Eastern Mediterranean obsidian from Ethiopia Naqada II (about 3650–3300 BC) represented throughout Egypt first marl pottery, and metalworking Naqada III (about 3300–2900 BC) more elaborate grave goods, first Pharaohs cylindrical jars writing File:WLA brooklynmuseum Terracotta female figure.jpg|Figure of a woman. Naqada II period, 3500–3400 BCE. [[Brooklyn Museum]] File:Pre-dynastic Naqada cooking pot HARGM 9833.JPG|Pre-dynastic Naqada cooking pot - scientific analysis has shown that this pot once contained a meat stew with honey File:Incised hippopotamus ivory tusk, upper canine. Four holes around top. From Naqada Tomb 1419, Egypt. Naqada period. The Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology, London.jpg|Incised hippopotamus ivory tusk, an upper canine with four holes around top, from Naqada Tomb 1419, Egypt, Naqada period, The Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology, London File:Spatha shell. From Naqada tomb 1539, Egypt. Naqada I period. The Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology, London.

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Related concepts (13)

Egyptians

Egyptians (مِصرِيُّون, mɪsʕrɪjˈjuːn; مَصرِيِّين, mɑsʕɾɪjˈjiːn; remenkhēmi) are an ethnic group native to the Nile Valley in Egypt. Egyptian identity is closely tied to geography. The population is concentrated in the Nile Valley, a small strip of cultivable land stretching from the First Cataract to the Mediterranean and enclosed by desert both to the east and to the west. This unique geography has been the basis of the development of Egyptian society since antiquity.

Naqada culture

Nubia

Nubia (ˈnjuːbiə) (Nobiin: Nobīn, النُوبَة) is a region along the Nile river encompassing the area between the first cataract of the Nile (just south of Aswan in southern Egypt) and the confluence of the Blue and White Niles (in Khartoum in central Sudan), or more strictly, Al Dabbah. It was the seat of one of the earliest civilizations of ancient Africa, the Kerma culture, which lasted from around 2500 BC until its conquest by the New Kingdom of Egypt under Pharaoh Thutmose I around 1500 BC, whose heirs ruled most of Nubia for the next 400 years.