Road of LifeThe Road of Life (Доро́га жи́зни, doroga zhizni) was the set of ice road transport routes across Lake Ladoga to Leningrad during the Second World War. They were the only Soviet winter surface routes into the city while it was besieged by the German Army Group North under Feldmarschall Wilhelm Ritter von Leeb. The routes operated in the winters of 1941-1942 and 1942-1943. Construction and operation were performed under German artillery and aerial bombardment.
Vyborg CastleVyborg Castle (Выборгский замок; Viipurin linna; Viborgs slott) is a fortress in Vyborg, Russia. It was built by the Swedes during the Middle Ages around which the town of Vyborg evolved. The castle became the stronghold of the Swedish realm in the Karelian region. Throughout the centuries, it was the first defence of the kingdom against the Russians. Its military and strategic status in the late Middle Ages was second only to the fortified capital Stockholm. Currently it serves as the site of Vyborg Regional Museum.
Lake SukhodolskoyeLake Sukhodolskoye (Суходольское озеро; Suvanto-järvi ) is a narrow 40 km long lake on the Karelian Isthmus located in Priozersky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia. It is a part of the Vuoksi River basin, constituting its southern armlet, and drained by Burnaya River. Originally waters of the lake flowed into the Vuoksi through a waterway at Kiviniemi. However, in 1818 the channel that had been dug to drain spring flood waters from the lake into Lake Ladoga unexpectedly turned into Taipaleenjoki (Burnaya River), which started draining the lake itself and decreased its level by 7 m.
BeloostrovBeloostrov (Белоо́стров; Valkeasaari; White Island), from 1922 to World War II Krasnoostrov (Красноо́стров), is a municipal settlement in Kurortny District of the federal city of St. Petersburg, Russia, located on the Sestra River, Karelian Isthmus. Population: The settlement has a railway station Beloostrov. Beloostrov historically consists of two parts: Novy Beloostrov (Но́вый Белоо́стров, New White Island; Uusi Valkeasaari) along the railway and Stary Beloostrov (Ста́рый Белоо́стров, Old White Island; Vanha Valkeasaari) several kilometers to the north, mostly belonging to Vsevolozhsky District of Leningrad Oblast under the name Sadovodstva Island (остров Садоводства).
LappeenrantaLappeenranta (ˈlɑpːeːnˌrɑntɑ; Villmanstrand) is a city and municipality in the region of South Karelia, about from the Russian border and from the town of Vyborg (Viipuri). It is situated on the shore of the Lake Saimaa in southeastern Finland, and is one of the most significant urban centers in the whole Saimaa region, along with the towns of Imatra, Mikkeli and Savonlinna. With approximately inhabitants () Lappeenranta is the largest city in Finland, after incorporating the previous municipalities of Lappee and Lauritsala in 1967, Nuijamaa in 1989, Joutseno in 2009, and Ylämaa in 2010.
Mannerheim LineThe Mannerheim Line (Mannerheim-linja, Mannerheimlinjen) was a defensive fortification line on the Karelian Isthmus built by Finland against the Soviet Union. While this was never an officially designated name, during the Winter War it became known as the Mannerheim Line, after Finnish Army's then commander-in-chief Field Marshal Baron Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim. The line was constructed in two phases: 1920–1924 and 1932–1939. By November 1939, when the Winter War began, the line was by no means complete.
Zelenogorsk, Saint PetersburgZelenogorsk (Зеленого́рск), officially known as Terijoki prior to 1948 (a name still used in Finnish and Swedish), is a municipal town in Kurortny District of the federal city of St. Petersburg, Russia, located in part of the Karelian Isthmus on the shore of the Gulf of Finland. Population: It has a station on the St. Petersburg-Vyborg railroad. It is located about northwest of central Saint Petersburg. From 1323 to 1721 the Zelenogorsk area was a part of Sweden.
NyenschantzNyenschantz (Ниенша́нц, Nienshants; Nyenskans; Nevanlinna) was a Swedish fortress at the confluence of the Neva River and Okhta River, the site of present-day Saint Petersburg, Russia. Nyenschantz was built in 1611 to establish Swedish rule in Ingria, which had been annexed from the Tsardom of Russia during the Time of Troubles. The town of Nyen, which formed around Nyenschantz, became a wealthy trading center and a capital of Swedish Ingria during the 17th century.
Moscow ArmisticeThe Moscow Armistice was signed between Finland on one side and the Soviet Union and United Kingdom on the other side on 19 September 1944, ending the Continuation War. The Armistice restored the Moscow Peace Treaty of 1940, with a number of modifications. The final peace treaty between Finland and many of the Allies was signed in Paris in 1947. The conditions for peace were similar to what had been agreed in the Moscow Peace Treaty of 1940: Finland was obliged to cede parts of Karelia and Salla, as well as certain islands in the Gulf of Finland.
