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Concept
Troupes de marine
Summary
The Troupes de Marine (TDM, Marine Troops) is a corps of the French Army that includes several specialities: infantry, artillery, armoured, airborne, engineering, and transmissions (Signals).
Despite its name, it forms part of the Army, not the Navy. Intended for amphibious and overseas operations, the Troupes de marine have been, and still are, in all the fights of the French army. It has gradually become professionalized since 1970.
French ArmyCompagnie Ordinaire de la Mer and Troupes de la marine
The Troupes de marine were formerly known as the Troupes coloniales, with origins dating back to the Troupes de la marine (in reference to Troupes of La Marine). The French colonies were under the control of the Ministère de la Marine (the equivalent of the British Admiralty), accordingly, marines defended the colonies.
Renamed Troupes d'Outre-Mer then Troupes de Marine during the dismantling of the French Union (1958), their origin can actually be found in the Compagnies Ordinaires de la Mer (Compagnies Ordinaires de la Mer) (Ordinary Sea Companies), created in 1622 by Cardinal Richelieu. These companies were used to embark on royal naval ships to serve the naval artillery and participate in the boarding of enemy ships. These companies were also in charge of guarding the various sea ports. Despite the fact that the artillery of the marines was limited in numbers compared to those of the infantry marines (fusiliers and grenadiers), the ship's marine artillerymen were the determining factor for the Troupes de la marine, being in charge of displacing and mounting the naval guns under the orders of the respective marine artillery officer in charge. In the 18th century, they constituted the Compagnies Franches de la Marine who essentially spread to Nouvelle France (particularity: these marines were recruited in Europe, with marine officers recruited then on the spot due to an excellent knowledge of the local environment). Since then the anchor has been with the Troupes as the official symbol because of the former links to the Royal Navy.
Official source
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