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A gun is a device or ranged weapon designed to propel a projectile using pressure or explosive force. The projectiles are typically solid, but can also be pressurized liquid (e.g. in water guns/cannons), or gas (e.g. light-gas gun). Solid projectiles may be free-flying (as with bullets and artillery shells) or tethered (as with Tasers, spearguns and harpoon guns). A large-caliber gun is also called a cannon. The means of projectile propulsion vary according to designs, but are traditionally effected pneumatically by a high gas pressure contained within a barrel tube (gun barrel), produced either through the rapid exothermic combustion of propellants (as with firearms), or by mechanical compression (as with air guns). The high-pressure gas is introduced behind the projectile, pushing and accelerating it down the length of the tube, imparting sufficient launch velocity to sustain its further travel towards the target once the propelling gas ceases acting upon it after it exits the m

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PHYS-101(en): General physics : mechanics (English)

Students will learn the principles of mechanics to enable a better understanding of physical phenomena, such as the kinematics and dyamics of point masses and solid bodies. Students will acquire the capacity to quantitatively analyze these effects with the appropriate theoretical tools.

MSE-351: Surface analysis

The course treats the main surface analysis methods for the characterization of surfaces, interfaces and thin films. It discusses how these methods can be applied to gain specific knowledge about structural, chemical and functional properties of surfaces and thin films. Limitation to 18 students!

MSE-637(b): Transmission electron microscopy and diffraction (b)

This intensive course is intended for researchers who envisage using transmission electron microscopy to study materials samples or to help them interpret TEM data in publications. It presents basics of TEM instrumentation, imaging, electron diffraction, specimen preparation and high-resolution TEM.

Bullet

A bullet is a kinetic projectile, a component of firearm ammunition that is shot from a gun barrel. They are made of a variety of materials, such as copper, lead, steel, polymer, rubber and even wax

Gunpowder

Gunpowder, also commonly known as black powder to distinguish it from modern smokeless powder, is the earliest known chemical explosive. It consists of a mixture of sulfur, carbon (in the form of

Recoil

Recoil (often called knockback, kickback or simply kick) is the rearward thrust generated when a gun is being discharged. In technical terms, the recoil is a result of conservation of momentum, as

Status of the EU 170 GHz/2 MW/CW Coaxial Cavity Gyrotron for ITER: The Dummy Gun Experiment

Stefano Alberti, Jean-Philippe Hogge, Ioannis Pagonakis, Minh Quang Tran

A mock-up gun has been manufactured as exact replica of the refurbishment first prototype EU 170 GHz/2MW/CW coaxial cavity gyrotron, but without emitter ring in order to validate the voltage standoff stability. The experimental results of the mock-up gun tests are presented.

Ieee Service Center, 445 Hoes Lane, Po Box 1331, Piscataway, Nj 08855-1331 Usa2010

Design and Testing of an Electron-Gun Producing a Segmented Sheet Beam for a Quasi-Optical Gyrotron

Minh Quang Tran

A high-power sheet beam electron gun for a quasi-optical gyrotron has been developed. The gun produces two beams with rectangular cross sections, with one beam segmented into 11 beamlets. These beamlets are spaced so as to be in line with the maxima of the RF field profile in the resonator of a 120-GHz quasi-optical gyrotron. The maximum current in the segmented beam is nominally 34 A, while the that for the unsegmented beam is 68 A. The gun has been tested, and has operated essentially as predicted by 2D and 3D theory. In particular, the overall beam shape is largely undistorted, and the beamlets are, for most cases, well aligned.

1992