Newspaper

Summary

A newspaper is a periodical publication containing written information about current events and is often typed in black ink with a white or gray background. Newspapers can cover a wide variety of fields such as politics, business, sports, art, and science. They often include materials such as opinion columns, weather forecasts, reviews of local services, obituaries, birth notices, crosswords, editorial cartoons, comic strips, and advice columns. Most newspapers are businesses, and they pay their expenses with a mixture of subscription revenue, newsstand sales, and advertising revenue. The journalism organizations that publish newspapers are themselves often metonymically called newspapers. Newspapers have traditionally been published in print (usually on cheap, low-grade paper called newsprint). However, today most newspapers are also published on websites as online newspapers, and some have even abandoned their print versions entirely. Newspapers developed in the 17th century, as

Official source

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newspaper

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Mass digitization and the opening of digital libraries gave access to a huge amount of historical newspapers. In order to bring structure into these documents, current techniques generally proceed in two distinct steps. First, they segment the digitized images into generic articles and then classify the text of the articles into finer-grained categories. Unfortunately, by losing the link between layout and text, these two steps are not able to account for the fact that newspaper content items have distinctive visual features. This project proposes two main novelties. Firstly, it introduces the idea of merging the segmentation and classification steps, resulting in a fine- grained semantic segmentation of newspapers images. Secondly, it proposes to use textual features under the form of embeddings maps at segmentation step. The semantic segmentation with four categories (feuilleton, weather forecast, obituary, and stock exchange table) is done using a fully convolutional neural network and reaches a mIoU of 79.3%. The introduction of embeddings maps improves the overall performances by 3% and the generalization across time and newspapers by 8% and 12%, respectively. This shows a strong potential to consider the semantic aspect in the segmentation of newspapers and to use textual features to improve generalization.

2019

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The study of newspaper layout evolution through historical corpora has been addressed by diverse qualitative and quantitative methods in the past few years. The recent availability of large corpora of newspapers is now making the quantitative analysis of layout evolution ever more popular. This research investigates a method for the automatic detection of layout evolution on scanned images with a factorial analysis approach. The notion of eigenpages is defined by analogy with eigenfaces used in face recognition processes. The corpus of scanned newspapers that was used contains 4 million press articles, covering about 200 years of archives. This method can automatically detect layout changes of a given newspaper over time, rebuilding a part of its past publishing strategy and retracing major changes in its history in terms of layout. Besides these advantages, it also makes it possible to compare several newspapers at the same time and therefore to compare the layout changes of multiple newspapers based only on scans of their issues.

2017

This post describes the impresso application architecture and processing in a nutshell. The text was published in October 2020 in issue number 16 of the EuropeanaTech Insights dedicated to digitized newspapers and edited by Gregory Markus and Clemens Neudecker: https://pro.europeana.eu/page/issue-16-newspapers#the-impresso-system-architecture-in-a-nutshell

EuropeanaTech Insights2020