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Concept
Kayvan
Summary
Kayvan (also spelled Kayvon, Kaivon, Keivan, Kaywan, Kavon, Kevan, or Kaevon; کیوان) is a Persian masculine given name denoting the planet Saturn. It is related to the word for Saturn in several old languages, including Kaimanu in Sumerian, Kajamānu in Akkadian, Kewwān in Syriac, and "Kewan" (kywʾn') in Middle Persian. That a 16th-century high priest of Stakhr was named Azar Kayvan suggests that "Kayvan" was used as a name for a person in Iran as early as that time, particularly among followers of Zoroastrianism. To date "Kayvan" is a popular name among families following Zoroastrianism. Kayvan is distinct from the similar Persian word Kayhan, meaning "universe", also used as a masculine given name. To English speakers, the spelling Kayvon is closest to the Persian pronunciation, keivɒːn.
"Saturday", the day of Saturn, finds its Classical Persian equivalent in "Keyvānshid".
IN the name of the Lord of Life and wisdom
To nothing sublimer can thought be applied
The Lord of "Kayvan" and the turning sky
Who causeth Venus, Sun, and Moon to shine.
In the geocentric model, Saturn was on the highest planetary sphere, the seventh. As a result, in Persian poetry, “Kayvan” usually connotes physical elevation or exalted status. Related to this connotation are compound adjectives of praise such as "Kayvan-manesh" (of lofty nature), “Kayvan-manzelat” (of lofty position), or "Kayvan-jenab" (Kayvan's peer).
The 14th century poet Khajoo Kermani writes to his beloved:
Neither are you one to tend to my tired cries,
Nor am I one to not let them to "Kayvan" rise.
Three centuries earlier, Sanai is doubtful that just any poet can match his own skills:
Reaching “Kayvan", fancies he, with his arrow?
Mere fancy: mere iron is his bow.
Rumi writes:
Drop your business: "horse and cargo".
The cup’s the horse, load the wine.
Into the sky then watch go
High as “Kayvan”, your business, divine.
It is high praise to suggest that Saturn is in one's service. Khajoo writes:
Brahmin of the world of the six doors, still,
Soaring "Kayvan" is but an agent of our will.
Official source
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