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Concept
SS Monte Carlo
Summary
The SS Monte Carlo was a concrete ship launched in 1921 as the oil tanker SS Old North State. She was later renamed McKittrick. In 1932 she became a gambling and prostitution ship operating in international waters off the coast of Long Beach, California, United States, and was relocated to Coronado, California in 1936. The Monte Carlo was grounded on Coronado Island on New Year's Day 1937 during a storm and her wreck remains on the beach.
To reduce the utilization of steel during World War I, on April 12, 1918, President Woodrow Wilson approved the construction of concrete ships, overseen by the Emergency Fleet Corporation (EFC). In total, 24 ships were approved for construction. Only 12 ships were completed by the 1918 armistice. Although the remaining unbuilt ships were cancelled, a 13th and final ship was under construction at the Newport Shipbuilding Company yard in Wilmington, North Carolina. Known as the Old North State this vessel was the third Design No. 1070 class concrete oil tanker constructed, after the previously completed Sapona and Cape Fear. Author Norman Lang McKellar believed construction was completed in 1921 under the temporary name of Tanker No. 1, being heavily modified from its original EFC design. Tanker No. 1 was used by the U.S. Quartermaster Corps until 1923, when the vessel was purchased by the Associated Oil Company of San Francisco and re-purposed as the commercial oil tanker McKittrick. McKittrick was powered by a single Nordberg triple expansion steam engine which was the same unit for other EFC concrete vessels.
In 1932, McKittrick was sold to Ed V. Turner and Marvin Schouweiler and renamed Monte Carlo. Her hull was mostly filled with concrete to reduce motion and the former oil tanker was converted for the purpose of gambling, prostitution and drinking, all of which were illegal during Prohibition. Under the operation of Anthony Cornero, she became the largest gambling ship operating off the California coast.
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