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Concept
First Territorial Capitol of Kansas
Summary
The First Territorial Capitol of Kansas (officially named First Territorial Capitol State Historic Site) is the sole remaining building of the ghost town of Pawnee, Kansas. The city served as the capital of the Kansas Territory for five days before it was moved to present day Lecompton, Kansas, and the town became part of neighboring Fort Riley. The building was the meeting place for the first elected Territorial Legislature in 1855. After falling into disrepair, the structure was restored in 1928 and today it serves as a history museum operated by the Kansas Historical Society and supported through The Partners of the First Territorial Capitol.
The capitol is located in the Kaw valley of northeastern Kansas, north of the Kansas River. It first sat along the eastern border of Fort Riley, but today is within the boundaries of the base. A site on which the building stands was provided to the Kansas Historical Society through a revocable license from the War Department in 1928. It is separated from the river by a grove of trees, and Union Pacific Railroad lines run parallel to the building close to its north side.
Construction began with about thirty workers under the direction of Warren Beckworth and was essentially completed in 1855. The building's foundation is roughly , and it is two stories tall. Each floor is identically arranged for an assembly hall, with support columns down the center, and a stairway connecting the floors on the south side. Its foundation and walls are made of native limestone. A stone chimney is at each short side, with bricked exteriors. Its ceilings are exposed structural timbers. Doors are of wood with cut-stone thresholds, and window sills are also cut stone. Hanging lanterns for lighting were probably used. During its 1927 restoration, wood timbers were used that were chipped to make them look hand-cut. planks were used for the floors and set with iron nails. Hand-forged hardware attached doors and windows. The roof was shingled with tiles split to resemble shakes.
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