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Concept
Iultinsky District
Summary
Iultinsky District (Иу́льтинский райо́н; Chukchi: Ивылтин район, Ivyltin rajon) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the six in Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia. It is located in the northeast of the autonomous okrug and borders with the Chukchi Sea in the north, Providensky District in the east, Gulf of Anadyr in the southeast, and with Anadyrsky District in the southwest. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the urban locality (an urban-type settlement) of Egvekinot. Population: The population of Egvekinot accounts for 64.4% of the district's total population.
The territory of the modern district has been populated since the Paleolithic age, though indigenous people are outnumbered by ethnic Russians by over three to one. The district was once a major center for mining tin and tungsten at Iultin, with the infrastructure built by gulag prisoners, but these mines have proved uneconomical in recent years and closed with their associated settlements abandoned.
Iultinsky District covers the northeastern part of the Chukchi Peninsula, except for its easternmost part, and touches two oceans. In the north, the district borders the Chukchi Sea and Wrangel Island. To the south lies the administrative center and small port of Egvekinot, located on the Kresta Bay of the Gulf of Anadyr. To the south of the Kresta Bay it reaches almost to the Anadyr Estuary.
The central part of the district is part of the Chukotka Mountains. The northwest is drained by the Amguema River. This valley is a key resource for the part of the population that does not live by the sea and contains the only significant stretch of road in the district, running from Egvekinot, through the indigenous locality of Amguema, to the now defunct mining settlement of Iultin. Other populated places in the district are only reachable either by sea or by helicopter. The main lakes in the district are Ekityki, Ervynaygytgyn and Yanranaygytgyn.
It is thought that the area of what is now Iultinsky District was where the first people settled in Chukotka during the Paleolithic Age.
Official source
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