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Concept
Markovo, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug
Summary
Markovo (Ма́рково; Chukchi: Уйвын / Гуйгун, Ujvyn / Gujgun, lit. wooden hut; Koryak: Вуйвын, Vujvәn, lit. big village) is a rural locality (a selo) in Anadyrsky District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia, located near the head of small-boat navigation of the Anadyr River. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 809.
A small locality now—albeit still quite large by Chukotkan standards—Markovo had historically been an important trade hub during the early period of Cossack exploration.
Markovo is situated in the middle reaches of the Anadyr River, the largest waterway in Chukotka, in a lowland region with a unique microclimate, surrounded by the Shchuchy Range in the north, the east ridge of the Pekulney Range in the east, the Penzhinsky Range in the south, and the Russkiye mountain range in the west. Within this lowland tundra zone, deciduous forest is located around the floodplain of the Anadyr River, although the tundra covers the majority of this environment with a great number of lakes, rivers, and swamps. Unlike many other areas in Chukotka, comparably warm and lengthy summers create favorable conditions for the growth of all kinds of deciduous forests and vegetation. There is a very diverse world of animals, birds, and insects to be found. The absence of permafrost near Markovo gives the inhabitants an opportunity to grow open field vegetable crops.
Markovo has a subarctic climate (Köppen climate classification Dfc), which is quite varied. Although it can be below freezing from September through to the end of May, and regularly below from November to April, the short summers running from June to August are usually quite temperate, with record temperatures achieved during these months which are some of the warmest in Chukotka Autonomous Okrug
Average annual rainfall is , exposing the area to floods; water levels can rise more than . High levels of flood in the 20th century (with the increases in water level of more than ) were recorded in 1964, 1966, 1989, 1997, and 1999.
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