This article presents a timeline of events in the history of computer operating systems from 1951 to the current day. For a narrative explaining the overall developments, see the History of operating systems.
1951
LEO I 'Lyons Electronic Office' was the commercial development of EDSAC computing platform, supported by British firm J. Lyons and Co.
1955
MIT's Tape Director operating system made for UNIVAC 1103
1955
General Motors Operating System made for IBM 701
1956
GM-NAA I/O for IBM 704, based on General Motors Operating System
1957
Atlas Supervisor (Manchester University) (Atlas computer project start)
BESYS (Bell Labs), for IBM 704, later IBM 7090 and IBM 7094
1958
University of Michigan Executive System (UMES), for IBM 704, 709, and 7090
1959
SHARE Operating System (SOS), based on GM-NAA I/O
1960
IBSYS (IBM for its 7090 and 7094)
1961
CTSS demonstration (MIT's Compatible Time-Sharing System for the IBM 7094)
MCP (Burroughs Master Control Program)
1962
Atlas Supervisor (Manchester University) (Atlas computer commissioned)
BBN Time-Sharing System
GCOS (GE's General Comprehensive Operating System, originally GECOS, General Electric Comprehensive Operating Supervisor)
1963
AN/FSQ-32, another early time-sharing system begun
CTSS becomes operational (MIT's Compatible Time-Sharing System for the IBM 7094)
JOSS, an interactive time-shared system that did not distinguish between operating system and language
Titan Supervisor, early time-sharing system begun
1964
Berkeley Timesharing System (for Scientific Data Systems' SDS 940)
Dartmouth Time Sharing System (Dartmouth College's DTSS for GE computers)
EXEC 8 (UNIVAC)
KDF9 Timesharing Director (English Electric) – an early, fully hardware secured, fully pre-emptive process switching, multi-programming operating system for KDF9 (originally announced in 1960)
OS/360 (IBM's primary OS for its S/360 series) (announced)
PDP-6 Monitor (DEC) descendant renamed TOPS-10 in 1970
SCOPE (CDC 3000 series)
1965
BOS/360 (IBM's Basic Operating System)
TOS/360 (IBM's Tape Operating System)
Livermore Time Sharing System (LTSS)
Multics (MIT, GE, Bell Labs for the GE-645) (announced)
Pick operating system
THE multiprogramming system (Technische Hogeschool Eindhoven) development
TSOS (later VMOS) (RCA)
1966
DOS/360 (IBM's Disk Operating System)
GEORGE 1 & 2 for ICT 1900 series
MS/8 (Richard F.
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Computer operating systems (OSes) provide a set of functions needed and used by most application programs on a computer, and the links needed to control and synchronize computer hardware. On the first computers, with no operating system, every program needed the full hardware specification to run correctly and perform standard tasks, and its own drivers for peripheral devices like printers and punched paper card readers. The growing complexity of hardware and application programs eventually made operating systems a necessity for everyday use.
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