Galvanic cell

Summary

A galvanic cell or voltaic cell, named after the scientists Luigi Galvani and Alessandro Volta, respectively, is an electrochemical cell in which an electric current is generated from spontaneous Oxidation-Reduction reactions. A common apparatus generally consists of two different metals, each immersed in separate beakers containing their respective metal ions in solution that are connected by a salt bridge or separated by a porous membrane. Volta was the inventor of the voltaic pile, the first electrical battery. In common usage, the word "battery" has come to include a single galvanic cell, but a battery properly consists of multiple cells. History In 1780, Luigi Galvani discovered that when two different metals (e.g., copper and zinc) are in contact and then both are touched at the same time to two different parts of a muscle of a frog leg, to close the circuit, the frog's leg contracts. He called this "animal electricity". The frog's leg, as well as being a detector

Official source

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galvanic_cell

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Quantifying electrochemical promotion of induced bipolar Pt particles supported on YSZ

Christos Comninellis, Wolfgang Harbich, Michael Hugentobler, Yuehui Li, Chun Xia

Electrochemical promotion (EP) of CO oxidation is shown for the first time on induced bipolar Pt particles supported on yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ). These Pt particles are formed by sputter deposition of high-purity Pt metal followed by sintering. Conditions were chosen to stay below the percolation threshold of Pt particles. In-plane polarization of Pt particles results in a bipolar system and leads to the formation of a large number of galvanic cells partially or completely polarized. We have defined an equivalent number of active cells (n cell) which has been estimated from the oxygen evolution reaction as a function of the applied current on the two feed electrodes. The CO oxidation rate is measured under high vacuum conditions as a function of applied current. The use of isotopically labeled oxygen allows the discrimination of the faradaic process (16O from YSZ) from the non-faradaic process (18O from18O2) and to determine the faradaic efficiency (Λ) and the rate enhancement (ρ) parameters in this bipolar system. These results mark an important step in the realization of electrochemical promotion on highly dispersed catalysts. © 2010.

Elsevier2010

Correspondence "Origin of the magneto–thermogalvanic voltage in cluster-assembled metallic nanostructures"

Jean-Pierre Abid, Jean-Philippe Ansermet, Giulia Di Domenicantonio, Santiago Serrano Guisan

2008

Imaging Catalysis: Operando Investigation of the CO2 Hydrogenation Reaction Dynamics by Means of Infrared Thermography

Emanuele Moioli, Robin Tobias Andreas Mutschler, Emadeddin Oveisi, Kun Zhao, Andreas Züttel

Infrared thermography is a powerful tool to investigate the dynamic evolution of temperature in chemical reactions. The CO2 hydrogenation reaction is an ideal model reaction to assess the presented technique due to its high exothermicity. Various dynamic experiments are performed in a newly designed reaction cell with an infrared transmitting ZnSe window. In particular, the gas exchange reactions between CO2 and H-2, the coinjection of the two reactants, and the study of the effect of inert gas addition are investigated. Here, we show that the reaction rate on the surface of a catalyst can be localized in time and space by means of infrared thermography. This opens the way to the precise description of reaction dynamics, in particular for reactions operating in intermitting conditions. Furthermore, we show that the combination of infrared thermography with other analytic techniques such as rapid and quantitative mass spectrometry enables a holistic understanding of the transient reaction phenomena.

AMER CHEMICAL SOC2020