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France in the long nineteenth century

France in the long nineteenth century - Wikipedia
France in the long nineteenth century - Wikipedia

The history of France from 1789 to 1914 (the long 19th century) extends from the French Revolution to World War I and includes: French Revolution (1789–1792) French First Republic (1792–1804) First French Empire (1804–1814/1815) Bourbon Restoration (1814/1815–1830) July Monarchy (1830–1848) Second Republic (1848–1852) Second Empire (1852–1870) Third Republic (1870–1940) Long Depression (1873–1890) Belle Époque (1871–1914) Geography of France By the French Revolution, the Kingdom of France had expanded to nearly the modern territorial limits. The 19th century would complete the process by the annexation of the Duchy of Savoy and the County of Nice (first during the First Empire, and then definitively in 1860) and some small papal (like Avignon) and foreign possessions. France's territorial limits were greatly extended during the Empire through Revolutionary and Napoleonic military conquests and re-organization of Europe, but these were reversed by the Vienna Congress. Savoy and Nice were definitively annexed following France's victory in the Franco-Austrian War in 1859. In 1830, France invaded Algeria, and in 1848 this north African country was fully integrated into France as a département. The late 19th century saw France embark on a massive program of overseas imperialism — including French Indochina (modern day Cambodia, Vietnam and Laos) and Africa (the Scramble for Africa brought France most of North-West and Central Africa) — which brought it in direct competition with British interests. With the French defeat in the Franco-Prussian War of 1870, France lost her provinces of Alsace and portions of Lorraine to Germany (see Alsace-Lorraine); these lost provinces would only be regained at the end of World War I. Between 1795 and 1866, metropolitan France (that is, without overseas or colonial possessions) was the second most populous country of Europe, behind Russia, and the fourth most populous country in the world (behind China, India, and Russia); between 1866 and 1911, metropolitan France was the third most populous country of Europe, behind Russia and Germany.

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Ein urbaner Pol aus fünf Inseln / Un pôle urbain composé de cinq îlots / Cinque isole per un polo urbano

Die nachhaltige Siedlungsentwicklung benötigt zusätzliche Akzente, beispielsweise mit einer Konzentration von Nutzungsformen: Das neue Quartier Oassis vereint die urbane Dichte mit vielfältiger Aufenthaltsqualität. Le développement durable du milieu bâti nécessite des efforts supplémentaires, par exemple, une concentration des formes d'utilisation : Le nouveau quartier d'Oassis allie la densité urbaine à la mixité et la qualité de vie. Lo sviluppo insediativo sostenibile richiede ulteriori azioni di valorizzazione, ad esempio con una concentrazione di forme di utilizzo: il nuovo quartiere Oassis coniuga la densità urbana con una qualità di vita dalle molte sfaccettature.
2020
Related concepts (10)
Doctrinaires
During the Bourbon Restoration (1814–1830) and the July Monarchy (1830–1848), the Doctrinals (Doctrinaires) were a group of French royalists who hoped to reconcile the monarchy with the French Revolution and power with liberty. Headed by Royer-Collard, these liberal royalists were in favor of a constitutional monarchy, but with a heavily restricted census suffrage—Louis XVIII, who had been restored to the throne, had granted a Charter to the French with a Chamber of Peers and a Chamber of Deputies elected under tight electoral laws (only around 100,000 Frenchmen had at the time the right to vote).
French Left
The Left in France (gauche française) was represented at the beginning of the 20th century by two main political parties, namely the Republican, Radical and Radical-Socialist Party and the French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO), created in 1905 as a merger of various Marxist parties. In 1914, after the assassination of the leader of the SFIO, Jean Jaurès, who had upheld an internationalist and anti-militarist line, the SFIO accepted to join the Union sacrée national front.
French Revolution of 1848
The French Revolution of 1848 (Révolution française de 1848), also known as the February Revolution (Révolution de février), was a brief period of civil unrest in France, in February 1848, that led to the collapse of the July Monarchy and the foundation of the French Second Republic. It sparked the wave of revolutions of 1848. The revolution took place in Paris, and was preceded by the French government's crackdown on the campagne des banquets.
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