Jhang District

Jhang District (Punjabi and ) is a district of Faisalabad division in the Punjab province, Pakistan. Jhang city is the capital of district. Jhang District has a triangle-like shape, with its apex at the narrow southwestern corner and its base on the northeastern side. The district is traversed by two major rivers, the Jhelum and the Chenab. The Chenab generally flows towards the southwest, and it runs right down the middle of the district so that it practically divides the district into two equal parts. The Jhelum enters Jhang District to the west of the Chenab and flows almost due south until it meets the Chenab at a place called the Domel. The combined river takes the name Chenab, and it leaves the district just to the east of the far southwestern corner. The geography of the Jhang district can be divided into several regions, based on the course of its two major rivers. First is the Hithar, or lowland areas that get flooded annually by the rivers. Next, there are three distinct upland areas: the Sandal Bar, to the east of the Chenab, the Kirana Bar, between the rivers, and the Thal, which is to the west of the Jhelum. These are high plateaus which slope down to the river valleys on either side. Finally, between the Hithar lowlands and the Bar and Thal uplands, there is an intermediate zone called the Utar. Each of these zones — Hithar, Utar, and the uplands — represents a different period of geological formation, with the uplands being the oldest, and they are all of alluvial origin. Historically, the upland zones were mostly inhabited by pastoralists who grazed their herds on the wide plains here. They lived in temporary habitations of thatched huts and moved around frequently. Under the British Raj, most of this land was held directly by the government. The easternmost upland area is the Sandal Bar. In the northern parts of the district, the Sandal Bar "rises abruptly from the Utar, and the summit of the dividing ledge is from 10 to 30 feet above the plain below.