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Concept
Music of Mongolia
Summary
Music is an integral part of Mongolian culture. Among the unique contributions of Mongolia to the world's musical culture are the long songs, overtone singing and morin khuur, the horse-headed fiddle. The music of Mongolia is also rich with varieties related to the various ethnic groups of the country: Oirats, Hotogoid, Tuvans, Darhad, Buryats, Tsaatan, Dariganga, Uzemchins, Barga, Kazakhs and Khalha.
Besides the traditional music, Western classical music and ballet flourished during the Mongolian People's Republic. Among the most popular forms of modern music in Mongolia are Western pop and rock genres and the mass songs, which are written by modern authors in a form of folk songs.
Overtone singing
Overtone singing, known as höömij (throat), is a singing technique also found in the general Central Asian area. This type of singing is considered more as a type of instrument. It involves different ways of breathing: producing two distinctively audible pitches at the same time, one being a whistle like sound and the other being a drone bass. The sound is a result of locked breaths in the chest.
In Mongolia, the most famous throat-singers include Khalkhas like Gereltsogt and Sundui.
Khalkha singers have conceptualized Mongolian lyrical xöömei into several different styles while kharkhiraa remains a separate technique.
uyangiin xöömii /melodic or lyrical xöömii
uruulyn / labial xöömii
tagnain /palatal xöömii
xamryn/ nasal xöömii
bagaIzuuryn, xooloin / glottal, throat xöömii
tseejiin xondiin, xeviiin / chest cavity, stomach xöömii
türlegt or xosmoljin xöömii / xöömii combined with long song
Long song
"Long songs" (Urtyin duu) are one of the main formats of Mongolian music. Firstly, when Genghis Khan first united Mongolia (13th century), many different tribes were brought together, and this allowed sharing of music that had not happened before. The song "Ertnii Saikhan" was a popular song at weddings and imperial meetings, and the song "Oyunt Khuu" was a popular song.
Official source
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