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Concept
Brooch
Summary
A brooch (ˈbroʊtʃ, also USˈbruːtʃ) is a decorative jewelry item designed to be attached to garments, often to fasten them together. It is usually made of metal, often silver or gold or some other material. Brooches are frequently decorated with enamel or with gemstones and may be solely for ornament or serve a practical function as a clothes fastener. The earliest known brooches are from the Bronze Age. As fashions in brooches changed rather quickly, they are important chronological indicators. In archaeology, ancient European brooches are usually referred to by the Latin term fibula.
Fibula (brooch)
Brooches were known as fibula (plural fibulae) prior to the Middle Ages. These decorative items, used as clothes fasteners, were first crafted in the Bronze Age. In Europe, during the Iron Age, metalworking technology had advanced dramatically. The newer techniques of casting, metal bar-twisting and wire making were the basis for many new objects, including the fibula. In Europe, Celtic craftsmen were creating fibulae decorated in red enamel and coral inlay, as early as 400 BC.
The earliest manufacture of brooches in Great Britain was during the period from 600 to 150 BC. The most common brooch forms during this period were the bow, the plate and in smaller quantities, the penannular brooch. Iron Age brooches found in Britain are typically cast in one piece, with the majority made in copper alloy or iron. Prior to the late Iron Age, gold and silver were rarely used to make jewellery.
Bronze_fibula,_Sicilian_late_Bronze_Age,_AM_Syracuse,121370.jpg|Bronze Age brooch
Iron_Age_brooch(FindID_755500).jpg|Bow brooch, Iron Age
Roman trumpet brooch (FindID 623650).jpg|Trumpet brooch, Iron Age
[[File:Wing Brooch MET DT108.jpg|thumb|''Wing Brooch'', {{circa|2nd}} century AD, [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Wing_Brooch_MET_DT108.jpg Metropolitan Museum of Art]]]
The distinctive metalwork that was created by the Germanic peoples from the fourth through the eighth centuries belong to the art movement known as Migration period art.
Official source
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