Fort Mahon

Fort Mahon (Fort d'Ambleteuse or Fort Vauban) is a sea fort by the commune of Ambleteuse in the Pas-de-Calais, northern France. The fort was built at the end of the 17th century by the military architect Vauban on the orders of Louis XIV to defend the port in the estuary of the Slack. It was designated a Monument historique in the 1960s. The original title of the fort or tower is Ambleteuse in all official documents including the Napoleonic cadastre of 1803. However, the name Fort Mahon, which is used in English, did not appear until in 1840 and is probably the result of an administrative or transcription error. On October 19, 1965, the government of France classified the fort as a historical monument. However, the decree stated that although the fortification was named Ambleteuse it was also sometimes called Fort Mahon. The private heritage group that manages the site adheres to what they consider to be the official name: Fort of Ambleteuse. Work to build Fort Ambleteuse at the mouth of the Slack was completed in 1680. Vauban sited the fortification at a point one can only access at low tide. Its defences consisted of a five-piece coastal artillery battery situated within a stone-lined bastion (or casemate), with seaward facing embrasures set in walls up to thick. An outer sea wall provided further protection for the inner scarp's gun terrace. To the landward side, Vauban built a small parade ground and living quarters for the fort's garrison. The landward walls had embrasures for muskets and small cannons. The gun platform within the bastion was once was a large open space but German forces during the Second World War added a concrete partition that cut the space in half. They also added a pillbox to the inner side of the fort to strengthen its landward defences. During their occupation of France, the Germans used the fort to imprison foreign forced labourers. In 1945, two sea mines exploded, destroying the outer defences. The wall has been restored in its original form with battlements.